School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China.
R&D Innovation Center, Shandong Freda Biotech Co., Ltd, Jinan, China.
PLoS One. 2023 Jul 7;18(7):e0274479. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274479. eCollection 2023.
Cordyceps cicadae (Miq.) is an edible fungus with unique and valuable medicinal properties that is commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine, but its anti-aging effects on the skin fibroblast are not well studied. The aim of the present study was to analyze the active components of aqueous C. cicadae extract (CCE), determine the effects of CCE on hyaluronan synthesis in human skin fibroblasts, and explore the underlying mechanisms. The results of this study indicate that CCE was rich in polysaccharides, five alditols (mainly mannitol), eight nucleosides, protein, and polyphenols, which were present at concentrations of 62.7, 110, 8.26, 35.7, and 3.8 mg/g, respectively. The concentration of extract required to inhibit 50% of 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazo-line-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) radical scavenging capacities were 0.36 ± 0.03 and 4.54 ± 0.10 mg/mL, respectively, indicating that CCE exhibits excellent antioxidant activities. CCE showed no cytotoxicity to skin fibroblasts at concentrations ≤ 100 μg/mL, and promoted HA synthesis in fibroblasts. Treatment of fibroblast cells with 100 μg/mL CCE enhances the HA content to 1293 ± 142 ng/mL, which is significantly more than that in the non-treatment (NT) group (p = 0.0067). Further, RNA sequencing detected 1,192 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in CCE-treated fibroblasts, among which 417 were upregulated and 775 were downregulated. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes (KEGG) and Genomes pathway (GO) analysis based on RNA sequencing revealed that CCE mainly affected cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction regulated by HA synthesis-related genes. CCE upregulated HA synthase 2 (HAS2), epidermal growth factor (EGF)-related genes, heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor, C-C motif chemokine ligand 2, interleukin 1 receptor-associated kinase 2, and other genes related to fibroblast differentiation and proliferation. CCE downregulated the gene of matrix metallopeptidase 12 (MMP12), which leads to cell matrix loss. RT-qPCR further verified CCE significantly upregulated HAS2 expression and significantly downregulated MMP12 expression, thus promoting hyaluronan synthesis. CCE shows potential as a moisturizer and anti-aging agent in functional foods and cosmetics.
蝉花（Miq.）是一种具有独特而有价值的药用特性的食用真菌，常用于中药，但它对皮肤成纤维细胞的抗衰老作用尚未得到充分研究。本研究旨在分析蝉花水提物（CCE）的活性成分，确定 CCE 对人皮肤成纤维细胞中透明质酸合成的影响，并探讨其潜在机制。研究结果表明，CCE 富含多糖、五种糖醇（主要为甘露醇）、八种核苷、蛋白质和多酚，其浓度分别为 62.7、110、8.26、35.7 和 3.8mg/g。抑制 2,2-偶氮-双（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）（ABTS）和 2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼（DPPH）自由基清除能力所需的提取物浓度分别为 0.36±0.03 和 4.54±0.10mg/mL，表明 CCE 具有优异的抗氧化活性。CCE 在浓度≤100μg/mL 时对皮肤成纤维细胞无细胞毒性，并促进成纤维细胞中 HA 的合成。用 100μg/mL CCE 处理成纤维细胞可将 HA 含量提高到 1293±142ng/mL，明显高于未处理（NT）组（p=0.0067）。进一步的 RNA 测序检测到 CCE 处理的成纤维细胞中有 1192 个差异表达基因（DEGs），其中 417 个上调，775 个下调。基于 RNA 测序的京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）和基因组通路（GO）分析表明，CCE 主要影响通过 HA 合成相关基因调节的细胞因子-细胞因子受体相互作用。CCE 上调了透明质酸合酶 2（HAS2）、表皮生长因子（EGF）相关基因、肝素结合表皮生长因子样生长因子、C-C 基序趋化因子配体 2、白细胞介素 1 受体相关激酶 2 等与成纤维细胞分化和增殖相关的基因。CCE 下调了基质金属蛋白酶 12（MMP12）的基因，导致细胞基质丢失。RT-qPCR 进一步验证了 CCE 显著上调 HAS2 表达，显著下调 MMP12 表达，从而促进透明质酸合成。CCE 作为一种保湿剂和抗衰老剂，在功能性食品和化妆品中具有潜在的应用前景。
