Xiao Mengjun, Wang Tao, Tang Chuyu, He Min, Li Yuling, Li Xiuzhang
State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China.
Foods. 2024 May 24;13(11):1639. doi: 10.3390/foods13111639.
is a rare and endangered medicinal herb in China and a typical medicinal and food plant. Most of the research related to focuses on its pharmacological effects, artificial cultivation and clinical applications. However, there are few comprehensive evaluations on the quality of under different drying methods. In this study, the effects of vacuum freeze-drying (DG), oven-drying (HG) and air-drying (YG) on the morphological characteristics, microstructure, antioxidant activity and metabolites of were investigated using wild as the research object. The results showed that in their appearance and morphology, the YG- and HG-method samples were darker in color and wilted, while the DG- method samples were golden yellow in color and had better fullness. In terms of microstructure, the stomata of the YG and HG method samples were relatively small and irregularly shaped, whereas those of the DG method samples were larger and neat. In terms of antioxidant capacity, the HG-method samples were the lowest, followed by the YG group, and the DG group had the highest total antioxidant capacity. A correlation analysis revealed a significant relationship between antioxidant capacity and lipids, lipid molecules, nucleosides, nucleotides, and analogs. A metabolomics analysis identified 1937 metabolites from 18 superclasses, with lipids, lipid-like molecules, organic acids and derivatives, organoheterocyclic compounds, and organic oxygen compounds being the predominant metabolites in . Differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) in DG samples showed higher levels of lipids and lipid molecules, organic oxygen compounds, organic acids and derivatives, and organoheterocyclic compounds compared to the other drying methods, suggesting DG as the optimal preservation method for . These findings offer insights for selecting appropriate drying methods and maintaining the post-drying quality of .
是中国珍稀濒危药用植物，也是典型的药食两用植物。大多数与 相关的研究集中在其药理作用、人工栽培和临床应用上。然而，对于不同干燥方法下 的品质综合评价较少。本研究以野生 为研究对象，考察了真空冷冻干燥（DG）、烘箱干燥（HG）和风干（YG）对其形态特征、微观结构、抗氧化活性和代谢产物的影响。结果表明，在外观形态上，YG法和HG法处理的 样品颜色较深且萎蔫，而DG法处理的 样品呈金黄色且饱满度较好。在微观结构方面，YG法和HG法处理的 样品气孔相对较小且形状不规则，而DG法处理的 样品气孔较大且整齐。在抗氧化能力方面，HG法处理的样品最低，其次是YG组，DG组的总抗氧化能力最高。相关性分析表明抗氧化能力与脂质、脂质分子、核苷、核苷酸及其类似物之间存在显著关系。代谢组学分析从18个超类中鉴定出1937种代谢产物，其中脂质、类脂分子、有机酸及其衍生物、有机杂环化合物和有机氧化合物是 中的主要代谢产物。与其他干燥方法相比，DG样品中的差异积累代谢物（DAMs）显示出较高水平的脂质、脂质分子、有机氧化合物、有机酸及其衍生物和有机杂环化合物，表明DG是 的最佳保存方法。这些发现为选择合适的干燥方法和保持干燥后 的品质提供了见解。
