Khoshandam Arian, Hedayatian AmirHossein, Mollazadeh AmirReza, Razavi Bibi Marjan, Hosseinzadeh Hossein
School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2023;26(8):853-871. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2023.67793.14835.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are some of the major causes of death worldwide. The modern lifestyle elevates the risk of CVDs. CVDs have several risk factors such as obesity, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, hypertension, and diabetes. Using herbal and natural products plays a pivotal role in the treatment of different diseases such as CVDs, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Propolis, a natural resinous mixture, is made by honey bees. Its main components are phenolics and terpenoid compounds such as caffeic acid phenethyl ester, chrysin, and quercetin. In this review, multiple studies regarding the pharmacological impacts of propolis and its constituents with their related mechanisms of action against mentioned CVD risk factors have been discussed in detail. Here, we used electronic databases or search engines such as Scopus, Web of Science, Pubmed, and Google Scholar without time limitations. The primary components of propolis are phenolics and terpenoid compounds such as caffeic acid phenethyl ester, chrysin and quercetin. Propolis and its constituents have been found to exhibit anti-obesity, anti-hypertension, anti-dyslipidemic, anti-atherosclerosis, and anti-diabetic effects. The vast majority of studies discussed in this review demonstrate that propolis and its constituents could have therapeutic effects against mentioned CVD risk factors via several mechanisms such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, reducing adipogenesis, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitory effect, inhibition of the ACE, increasing insulin secretion, NO level, etc.
心血管疾病（CVDs）是全球主要的死亡原因之一。现代生活方式增加了患心血管疾病的风险。心血管疾病有多种风险因素，如肥胖、血脂异常、动脉粥样硬化、高血压和糖尿病。使用草药和天然产物在治疗不同疾病如心血管疾病、糖尿病和代谢综合征中起着关键作用。蜂胶是一种天然树脂混合物，由蜜蜂制造。其主要成分是酚类和萜类化合物，如咖啡酸苯乙酯、白杨素和槲皮素。在本综述中，详细讨论了多项关于蜂胶及其成分对上述心血管疾病风险因素的药理作用及其相关作用机制的研究。在这里，我们使用了电子数据库或搜索引擎，如Scopus、科学网、PubMed和谷歌学术，没有时间限制。蜂胶的主要成分是酚类和萜类化合物，如咖啡酸苯乙酯、白杨素和槲皮素。已发现蜂胶及其成分具有抗肥胖、抗高血压、抗血脂异常、抗动脉粥样硬化和抗糖尿病作用。本综述中讨论的绝大多数研究表明，蜂胶及其成分可通过多种机制对上述心血管疾病风险因素产生治疗作用，如抗氧化、抗炎、减少脂肪生成、HMG-CoA还原酶抑制作用、抑制ACE、增加胰岛素分泌、一氧化氮水平等。
