State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jun 30;24(13):10893. doi: 10.3390/ijms241310893.
Copper (Cu)-based antimicrobial compounds (CBACs) have been widely used to control phytopathogens for nearly fourteen decades. Since the first commercialized Bordeaux mixture was introduced, CBACs have been gradually developed from highly to slightly soluble reagents and from inorganic to synthetic organic, with nanomaterials being a recent development. Traditionally, slightly soluble CBACs form a physical film on the surface of plant tissues, separating the micro-organisms from the host, then release divalent or monovalent copper ions (Cu or Cu) to construct a secondary layer of protection which inhibits the growth of pathogens. Recent progress has demonstrated that the release of a low concentration of Cu may elicit immune responses in plants. This supports a triple-tiered protection role of CBACs: break contact, inhibit microorganisms, and stimulate host immunity. This spatial defense system, which is integrated both inside and outside the plant cell, provides long-lasting and broad-spectrum protection, even against emergent copper-resistant strains. Here, we review recent findings and highlight the perspectives underlying mitigation strategies for the sustainable utilization of CBACs.
铜（Cu）基抗菌化合物（CBAC）被广泛用于控制植物病原体近十四年。自第一个商业化的波尔多混合物问世以来，CBAC 已逐渐从高溶解性试剂发展到低溶解性试剂，从无机化合物发展到合成有机化合物，纳米材料是最近的发展。传统上，低溶解性的 CBAC 在植物组织表面形成物理膜，将微生物与宿主分离，然后释放二价或一价铜离子（Cu 或 Cu），构建第二层保护，抑制病原体的生长。最近的研究进展表明，低浓度的 Cu 释放可能会引发植物的免疫反应。这支持 CBAC 的三重保护作用：破坏接触、抑制微生物和刺激宿主免疫。这种在植物细胞内外整合的空间防御系统提供了持久和广谱的保护，甚至对新兴的铜抗性菌株也有效果。在这里，我们回顾了最近的发现，并强调了可持续利用 CBAC 的缓解策略的观点。
