Department Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,
Department Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec. 2023;85(6):305-311. doi: 10.1159/000531222. Epub 2023 Jul 20.
The aims of the study were to perform an olfactory assessment on patients active and post-COVID-19 using the culturally adapted Malaysian version Sniffin' Sticks identification smell test (mSS-SIT), to evaluate the patient olfactory outcome using a Malay short version of the Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders-Negative Statements (msQOD-NS), as well as to evaluate seropositive titre (IgG) response using automated serology method.
Score for mSS-SIT was performed during the hospitalization, when patients had tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 (during COVID-19), and repeated after they had tested negative (after COVID-19). Also, each patient completed msQOD-NS and serology SARS-CoV-2 antibodies blood test was evaluated.
During COVID-19, 2 of our patients were anosmia (6.5%), 22 (70.9%) were hyposmia, and 7 (22.6%) were normosmia. We repeated mSS-SIT on these same patients after COVID-19, and none of these subjects were hyposmia or anosmia, as they achieved a score >12. All our patients had scored 21 using msQOD-NS, meaning no impact on quality of life as they had regained their normal olfactory function. In this study also, we obtained no correlation between smell test and seropositivity titre COVID-19, and antibody levels gradually decreased over time till 6 months and remained stable up to 12 months.
From this study, we know full recovery of the sense of smell can be expected post-COVID-19 infection and COVID-19 antibody persists in the body up to 12 months of infection.
本研究旨在使用经文化调适的马来西亚版嗅觉识别测试（mSS-SIT）对活动性和 COVID-19 后患者进行嗅觉评估，使用马来语简短版嗅觉障碍问卷（msQOD-NS）评估患者的嗅觉结局，并使用自动血清学方法评估血清阳性滴度（IgG）反应。
在住院期间（COVID-19 期间）对 SARS-CoV-2 检测呈阳性的患者进行 mSS-SIT 评分，并在 COVID-19 后检测结果转为阴性时进行重复。此外，每位患者均完成了 msQOD-NS 并评估了 SARS-CoV-2 抗体血清学检测。
在 COVID-19 期间，我们的 2 名患者为失嗅症（6.5%），22 名患者为嗅觉减退症（70.9%），7 名患者为嗅觉正常（22.6%）。我们对这些相同的患者在 COVID-19 后重复进行 mSS-SIT，这些患者均未出现嗅觉减退或失嗅症，因为他们的得分均>12。我们所有的患者在 msQOD-NS 上的得分为 21，这意味着他们的嗅觉功能已恢复正常，生活质量并未受到影响。在本研究中，我们也未发现嗅觉测试与 COVID-19 血清阳性滴度之间存在相关性，抗体水平随时间逐渐下降，6 个月后保持稳定，直至 12 个月。
从本研究可知，COVID-19 感染后可预期嗅觉完全恢复，COVID-19 抗体可在体内持续存在长达 12 个月。
