Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards, Guangxi Institute of Traditional Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanning, 530022, China.
Lushan Botanical Garden, Jiangxi Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lushan, 332900, China.
J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2023 Jul 27;19(1):32. doi: 10.1186/s13002-023-00605-4.
Guangxi Fangcheng Golden Camellias national nature reserve, situated in Fangcheng City, Guangxi Province, China, is a coastal region renowned for its exceptional natural environment. Over time, the residents of this area have acquired extensive knowledge regarding medicinal plants, owing to their close association with the abundant flora. Our study aims to document the medicinal plants used by the local community near the Guangxi Fangcheng Golden Camellias national nature reserve. We seek to investigate the unique regional properties, cultural significance, and potential connections between medicinal plants used in surrounding villages and those sold in markets.
During 2019-2021, 96 informants, including 36 key informants, were interviewed in the study area. The snowball sampling method was used to select respondents from medicinal markets and villages. Local therapists were defaulted as key informants. A panel discussion was held on the protection and threat of medicinal plants and traditional knowledge. In this study, two quantitative indicators, relative frequency citation (RFC) and informant consensus factor (ICF), were used to analyze the traditional medicinal plants in the study area.
According to the investigation, a total of 396 species of medicinal plants belonging to 295 genera and 116 families were recorded. From the perspective of Lifeform, herbs accounted for 38.9%, followed by shrubs. Most of the medicinal parts are whole plant (120 species, 25.59%), branches and leaves (116 species, 24.73%), and roots (101 species, 21.54%). Medicinal bath is the most commonly used therapeutic method. Among the 13 therapeutic targets recorded, rheumatic drugs accounted for the highest proportion, followed by muscular system diseases and skin-related diseases, which are closely related to local climate and livelihood. ICF shows that the use of local medicinal plants and related knowledge is very diverse, so local people have more options for treating diseases. Melicope pteleifolia, Clerodendrum cyrtophyllum, Lygodium flexuosum, Elephantopus scaber, Artemisia argyi, Plantago asiatica, Centella asiatica, Grangea maderaspatana, and Liquidambar formosana have high RFC, which are closely connected to local people's daily lives and are potentially vital to them. The wild vegetation, mostly around the nature reserve, is the primary source of medicinal materials sold in the urban medicinal market. Urban areas have fewer varieties of medicinal plants compared to villages near protected areas. However, there is consistency in their usage and application.
The medicinal plants used in the villages near the Golden Camellia Nature Reserve are diverse, and the relevant traditional knowledge is relatively well preserved. The collection of medicinal materials by local people is sustainable. This study suggests that the local government should also protect relevant traditional knowledge in the decision-making process.
广西防城金花茶国家级自然保护区位于中国广西省防城港市，是一个以独特自然环境而闻名的沿海地区。长期以来，该地区的居民因与丰富的植物群密切相关而对药用植物有了广泛的了解。我们的研究旨在记录广西防城金花茶国家级自然保护区附近社区使用的药用植物。我们旨在调查周边村庄使用的药用植物与市场上销售的药用植物之间的独特区域特性、文化意义和潜在联系。
在 2019-2021 年期间，我们在研究区域采访了 96 名知情者，包括 36 名关键知情者。采用雪球抽样法从药用市场和村庄中选择受访者。当地治疗师默认作为关键知情者。还举行了一次关于药用植物和传统知识的保护和威胁的小组讨论。在这项研究中，我们使用了两个定量指标，相对频率引用（RFC）和信息共识因子（ICF）来分析研究区域的传统药用植物。
根据调查，共记录了 396 种药用植物，隶属于 295 属和 116 科。从生活型的角度来看，草本植物占 38.9%，其次是灌木。大多数药用部位是整株植物（120 种，25.59%）、枝叶（116 种，24.73%）和根（101 种，21.54%）。药用浴是最常用的治疗方法。在记录的 13 个治疗靶点中，风湿药物占比最高，其次是肌肉系统疾病和皮肤相关疾病，这与当地气候和生计密切相关。ICF 表明，当地药用植物和相关知识的使用非常多样化，因此当地人有更多的选择来治疗疾病。桃金娘、黄荆、海金沙、地胆草、艾叶、车前草、积雪草、土蜜树和枫香具有较高的 RFC，与当地人的日常生活密切相关，对他们来说至关重要。野生植被，主要在自然保护区周围，是城市药用市场出售的药用材料的主要来源。与保护区附近的村庄相比，城市地区的药用植物种类较少。然而，它们的使用和应用是一致的。
金花茶自然保护区附近村庄使用的药用植物种类繁多，相关传统知识相对保存完好。当地人采集药用植物是可持续的。本研究表明，地方政府在决策过程中也应保护相关传统知识。
