Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2023 Jul 17;59(7):1320. doi: 10.3390/medicina59071320.
: Physical exercise is an important therapeutic modality for treating and managing diabetes. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is considered one of the best non-drug strategies for preventing and treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by improving mitochondrial biogenesis and function. This study aimed to determine the effects of 12 weeks of HIIT training on the expression of tumor suppressor protein-p53, mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase (COX), and oxidative stress in patients with T2DM. A total of thirty male sedentary patients aged (45-60 years) were diagnosed with established T2DM for more than five years. Twenty healthy volunteers, age- and sex-matched, were included in this study. Both patients and control subjects participated in the HIIT program for 12 weeks. Glycemic control variables including p53 (U/mL), COX (ng/mL), total antioxidant capacity (TAC, nmole/µL), 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG, ng/mL), as well as genomic and mitochondrial DNA content were measured in both the serum and muscle tissues of control and patient groups following exercise training. There were significant improvements in fasting glucose levels. HbA1c (%), HOMA-IR (mUmmol/L), fasting insulin (µU/mL), and C-peptide (ng/mL) were reported in T2DM and healthy controls. A significant decrease was also observed in p53 protein levels. COX, 8-OhdG, and an increase in the level of TAC were reported in T2DM following 12 weeks of HIIT exercise. Before and after exercise, p53; COX, mt-DNA content, TAC, and 8-OhdG showed an association with diabetic control parameters such as fasting glucose (FG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C, %), C-peptide, fasting insulin (FI), and homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in patients with T2DM. These findings support the positive impact of HIIT exercise in improving regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and subsequent control of diabetes through anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidative pathways. A 12-week HIIT program significantly improves diabetes by reducing insulin resistance; regulating mitochondrial biogenesis; and decreasing oxidative stress capacity among patients and healthy controls. Also; p53 protein expression; COX; 8-OhdG; and TAC and mt-DNA content were shown to be associated with T2DM before and after exercise training.
运动是治疗和管理糖尿病的重要治疗方法。高强度间歇训练（HIIT）被认为是预防和治疗 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）的最佳非药物策略之一，可改善线粒体生物发生和功能。本研究旨在确定 12 周 HIIT 训练对 T2DM 患者肿瘤抑制蛋白-p53、线粒体细胞色素 c 氧化酶（COX）和氧化应激表达的影响。
共有 30 名年龄在（45-60 岁）的久坐男性 T2DM 患者，病史超过 5 年。还纳入了 20 名年龄和性别匹配的健康志愿者。患者和对照组均参加了 12 周的 HIIT 计划。在运动训练后，测量了对照组和患者组血清和肌肉组织中的血糖控制变量，包括 p53（U/mL）、COX（ng/mL）、总抗氧化能力（TAC，nmole/µL）、8-羟基-2'-脱氧鸟苷（8-OHdG，ng/mL）以及基因组和线粒体 DNA 含量。T2DM 和健康对照组报告空腹血糖水平显著改善。HOMA-IR（mUmmol/L）、空腹胰岛素（µU/mL）和 C 肽（ng/mL）。T2DM 患者 p53 蛋白水平也显著下降。12 周 HIIT 运动后，COX、8-OhdG 水平升高，TAC 水平升高。在运动前后，p53；COX、mt-DNA 含量、TAC 和 8-OhdG 与 T2DM 患者的空腹血糖（FG）、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1C，%）、C 肽、空腹胰岛素（FI）和胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评估（HOMA-IR）等糖尿病控制参数呈正相关。这些发现支持 HIIT 运动通过抗细胞凋亡和抗氧化途径改善线粒体生物发生的调节，从而改善糖尿病的积极影响。12 周 HIIT 方案可显著改善糖尿病患者的胰岛素抵抗；调节线粒体生物发生；降低患者和健康对照组的氧化应激能力。此外，p53 蛋白表达；COX；8-OhdG；TAC 和 mt-DNA 含量在运动前后均与 T2DM 相关。
