Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2023 Jun 26;59(7):1201. doi: 10.3390/medicina59071201.
: Physical performance increased by controlled interventions of high-intensity intermittent training (HIIT); however, little is known about their influence as anti-aging and antioxidant effects, or their role in mitochondrial biogenesis. : This study aimed to determine the effects of HIIT for 12 weeks on melatonin function, lymphocyte cell apoptosis, oxidative stress on aging, and physical performance. : Eighty healthy male subjects aged 18-65 years randomly participated in a HIIT-exercise training program for 12 weeks. Anthropometric analysis, cardiovascular fitness, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), lymphocyte count and apoptosis, and serum melatonin and cytochrome c oxidase (COX), were estimated for all subjects before and after HIIT-exercise training. HIIT training was performed in subjects for 12 weeks. : Data analysis showed a significant increase in the expression levels of the melatonin hormone (11.2 ± 2.3, < 0.001), TAC (48.7 ± 7.1, < 0.002), COX (3.7 ± 0.75, < 0.001), and a higher percentage of lymphocyte apoptosis (5.2 ± 0.31, < 0.003). In addition, there was an improvement in fitness scores (W; 196.5 ± 4.6, VOmax; 58.9 ± 2.5, < 0.001), adiposity markers ( < 0.001); BMI, WHtR, and glycemic control parameters ( < 0.01); FG, HbA1c (%), FI, and serum C-peptide were significantly improved following HIIT intervention. Both melatonin and lymphocyte apoptosis significantly correlated with the studied parameters, especially TAC and COX. Furthermore, the correlation of lymphocyte apoptosis with longer exercise duration was significantly associated with increased serum melatonin following exercise training. This association supports the mechanistic role of melatonin in promoting lymphocyte apoptosis either via the extrinsic mediator pathway or via inhibition of lymphocyte division in the thymus and lymph nodes. Additionally, the correlation between melatonin, lymphocyte apoptosis, TAC, and COX activities significantly supports their role in enhancing physical performance. : The main findings of this study were that HIIT exercise training for 12 weeks significantly improved adiposity markers, glycemic control parameters, and physical performance of sedentary older adult men. In addition, melatonin secretion, % of lymphocyte apoptosis, COX activities, and TAC as biological aging markers were significantly increased following HIIT exercise training interventions for 12 weeks. The use of HIIT exercise was effective in improving biological aging, which is adequate for supporting chronological age, especially regarding aging problems. However, subsequent studies are required with long-term follow-up to consider HIIT as a modulator for several cardiometabolic health problems in older individuals with obesity.
身体表现通过高强度间歇训练（HIIT）的控制干预而提高；然而，对于其作为抗衰老和抗氧化作用的影响，或者其在线粒体生物发生中的作用，我们知之甚少。本研究旨在确定 12 周 HIIT 锻炼对褪黑素功能、淋巴细胞细胞凋亡、衰老的氧化应激以及身体表现的影响。
80 名年龄在 18-65 岁的健康男性随机参加了为期 12 周的 HIIT 运动训练计划。所有受试者在 HIIT 运动训练前后均进行了人体测量分析、心血管健康状况、总抗氧化能力（TAC）、淋巴细胞计数和凋亡、血清褪黑素和细胞色素 c 氧化酶（COX）的评估。HIIT 训练在 12 周内对受试者进行。数据分析显示，褪黑素激素（11.2±2.3，<0.001）、TAC（48.7±7.1，<0.002）、COX（3.7±0.75，<0.001）的表达水平显著增加，淋巴细胞凋亡的百分比也更高（5.2±0.31，<0.003）。此外，健身分数（W；196.5±4.6，VOmax；58.9±2.5，<0.001）、肥胖标志物（<0.001）；BMI、WHtR 和血糖控制参数（<0.01）；FG、HbA1c（%）、FI 和血清 C 肽均得到改善。HIIT 干预后，血清褪黑素和淋巴细胞凋亡与研究参数均呈显著相关性，尤其是与 TAC 和 COX 显著相关。此外，淋巴细胞凋亡与运动时间延长的相关性与运动训练后血清褪黑素水平升高显著相关。这种相关性支持褪黑素通过外在介质途径或通过抑制胸腺和淋巴结中的淋巴细胞分裂来促进淋巴细胞凋亡的机制作用。此外，褪黑素、淋巴细胞凋亡、TAC 和 COX 活性之间的相关性显著支持它们在提高身体表现方面的作用。
本研究的主要发现是，12 周的 HIIT 运动训练显著改善了久坐的老年男性的肥胖标志物、血糖控制参数和身体表现。此外，HIIT 运动训练 12 周后，褪黑素分泌、淋巴细胞凋亡百分比、COX 活性和 TAC 等生物衰老标志物显著增加。HIIT 运动的使用对于改善生物衰老非常有效，足以支持生理年龄，特别是对于衰老问题。然而，需要进行长期随访的后续研究，以考虑 HIIT 作为肥胖老年人几种心脏代谢健康问题的调节剂。
