Department of Nutrition and Food Engineering, Daffodil International University, Daffodil Smart City, Birulia, Savar, Dhaka 1216, Bangladesh.
Institute of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh.
Nutrients. 2023 Jul 19;15(14):3202. doi: 10.3390/nu15143202.
Women of reproductive age (WRA) are recognized as a nutritionally sensitive demographic that is vulnerable to micronutrient deficiencies. The purpose of this study is to determine the situation and influencing factors of diet diversity and micronutrient adequacy during the pandemic-induced economic lockdown period among women living in a selected area of Bangladesh. Twenty-four-hour dietary recall was used to measure the nutrient intake and also used for constructing the Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women (MDD-W) and nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR). Household food insecurity and coping strategies were also measured. Multivariate logistic regression was carried out to identify the link between potential risk factors and MDD-W. About two-thirds (59.9%) of the study subjects did not meet the MDD-W threshold. The women's total energy and protein consumptions were 1475.1 kcal and 46.3 g, respectively, with the diversified diet group consuming more than the non-diverse diet group. Except for vitamin C, vitamin A, and vitamin D, all micronutrients evaluated in the diversified diet group had significantly higher NAR values than the non-diverse diet group. The mean adequacy ratio (MAR) of the overall reproductive women was 0.468 ± 0.096, and it was significantly associated with MDD-W. Another notable finding is that attainment of minimal diversity was not sufficient to achieve acceptable nutrient adequacy for women, pertaining to their low-quantity intake. In addition to this, household size, women's education, coping strategy, and the MAR were found to be significant determinants of MDD-W in the multivariate logistic regression analysis. The findings of the present study therefore highlight the impending need for interventions that ensure good dietary quality for women even during crisis periods.
育龄妇女（WRA）被认为是营养敏感人群，容易出现微量营养素缺乏。本研究旨在确定孟加拉国选定地区的育龄妇女在大流行引发的经济封锁期间，饮食多样性和微量营养素充足性的状况和影响因素。24 小时膳食回忆用于测量营养素摄入量，也用于构建妇女最低饮食多样性（MDD-W）和营养素充足率（NAR）。还测量了家庭粮食不安全和应对策略。进行多变量逻辑回归以确定潜在危险因素与 MDD-W 之间的联系。大约三分之二（59.9%）的研究对象未达到 MDD-W 阈值。女性的总能量和蛋白质摄入量分别为 1475.1 千卡和 46.3 克，饮食多样化组的摄入量高于饮食非多样化组。除维生素 C、维生素 A 和维生素 D 外，饮食多样化组评估的所有微量营养素的 NAR 值均明显高于饮食非多样化组。整体育龄妇女的平均充足率（MAR）为 0.468 ± 0.096，与 MDD-W 显著相关。另一个值得注意的发现是，达到最低多样性并不足以使妇女获得可接受的营养充足性，因为她们的摄入量低。此外，家庭规模、妇女教育、应对策略和 MAR 在多变量逻辑回归分析中被发现是 MDD-W 的重要决定因素。因此，本研究的结果强调了即使在危机时期，也需要采取干预措施确保妇女的良好饮食质量。
