School of Public Health, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, NV89557, USA.
Ozmen Institute for Global Studies, University of Nevada Reno, Reno, NV, USA.
Public Health Nutr. 2023 Oct;26(10):2149-2161. doi: 10.1017/S1368980023001441. Epub 2023 Jul 31.
To analyse the implementation of front-of-pack nutrition labelling (FOPNL) in Mexico.
Review of publicly accessible documents, including legislative websites, news sources, and government, intergovernmental, and advocacy reports. Usage of the policy cycle model to analyse the implementation and evaluation stages of Mexico's General Health Law, amended with FOPNL (2019-2022).
In October 2019, the government published a draft modification of the Norma Oficial Mexicana (Official Mexican Standard) to regulate and enforce a new FOPNL warning label system. A 60-d public consultation period followed (October-December 2019), and the regulation was published in March 2020 and implementation began in October 2020. An analysis of nine key provisions of the Standard revealed that the food and beverage industry and its allies weakened some original provisions including health claims, warnings for added sweeteners and display areas. On the other hand, local and international public health groups maintained key regulations including the ban on cartoon character advertisements, standardised portions and nutrient criteria following international best practices. Early implementation appears to have high compliance and helped contribute to reformulating unhealthy products. Continued barriers to implementation include industry efforts to create double fronts and market their cartoon characters on social media and through digitalised marketing.
Early success in implementing the new FOPNL system in Mexico was the result of an inclusive and participatory regulatory process dedicated to maintaining public health advances, local and international health advocacy support, and continued monitoring. Other countries proposing and enacting FOPNL should learn from the Mexican experience to maintain scientifically proven best practices, counter industry barriers and minimise delays in implementation.
分析墨西哥实施预包装食品营养标签（FOPNL）的情况。
对公开获取的文件进行审查，包括立法网站、新闻来源、政府、政府间和宣传报告。使用政策周期模型分析墨西哥《一般卫生法》的实施和评估阶段，该法于 2019-2022 年修订并纳入了 FOPNL。
2019 年 10 月，政府发布了一项对《墨西哥官方标准》（NOM）的修改草案，以规范和执行新的 FOPNL 警告标签系统。随后进行了为期 60 天的公众咨询（2019 年 10 月至 12 月），该法规于 2020 年 3 月发布，并于 2020 年 10 月开始实施。对该标准的九项关键条款进行的分析表明，食品和饮料行业及其盟友削弱了一些原始条款，包括健康声称、添加甜味剂的警告和展示区域。另一方面，当地和国际公共卫生组织保留了一些关键规定，包括禁止卡通人物广告、标准化份量和按照国际最佳做法制定营养标准。早期的实施似乎合规性很高，并有助于促使对不健康产品进行重新配方。实施的持续障碍包括行业努力创建双重标签，并在社交媒体和数字化营销中宣传其卡通人物。
墨西哥新的 FOPNL 系统的早期成功实施是一个包容性和参与性的监管过程的结果，该过程致力于维护公共卫生方面的进展、得到当地和国际卫生倡导的支持，并持续进行监测。其他提出并实施 FOPNL 的国家应借鉴墨西哥的经验，以保持经过科学证明的最佳实践、应对行业障碍并最小化实施的延迟。
