Rizvi Saliha, Rizvi S Mohd Shiraz, Raza Syed Tasleem, Abbas Mohd, Fatima Kaynat, Zaidi Zeashan H, Mahdi Farzana
Department of Biotechnology, Era's Lucknow Medical College and Hospital, Era University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003 India.
Department of Personalized and Molecular Medicine, Era University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226003 India.
Egypt J Med Hum Genet. 2022;23(1):145. doi: 10.1186/s43042-022-00344-3. Epub 2022 Oct 1.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an ongoing pandemic which has emerged as a new challenge for the medical sciences. Severity of COVID-19 is mostly determined with overexpressed proinflammatory cytokines eventually leading to endothelial dysfunction causing vital organ injury, especially in the lungs. It has been postulated that various genetic mutations might be associated with an increased risk of disease severity in COVID-19. This study was thus carried out to determine the association of genetic polymorphism in IL-10 gene in determining COVID-19 severity.
The study included 160 RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 patients with mild ( = 85) and severe ( = 75) conditions. All subjects were genotyped for ( gene polymorphisms using PCR-RFLP technique followed by statistical analysis.
This study found a significant gender and age-based discrepancy in COVID-19 severity with 1.85-and 3.81-fold increased risk of COVID-19 in males of mild and severe groups as compared to females ( = 0.046 and < 0.001) and 4.35-fold high risk in subjects ≥ 50 ( < 0.001). Genotyping analysis showed that gene polymorphism was strongly associated with COVID-19 severity ( = 0.01) whereas, polymorphism was not found to confer the risk of COVID-19 severity in our population.
In this regard, the present study provided an evidence that gene polymorphism is strongly associated with COVID-19 severity and CC genotype confer a protective role in preventing severe disease progression. More detailed studies with a larger sample size on the genetic variations are required to establish the role of studied gene polymorphisms with COVID-19 severity.
2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）是一场持续的大流行疾病，已成为医学领域的一项新挑战。COVID-19的严重程度主要由过度表达的促炎细胞因子决定，最终导致内皮功能障碍，引起重要器官损伤，尤其是肺部。据推测，各种基因突变可能与COVID-19疾病严重程度增加的风险有关。因此，本研究旨在确定白细胞介素-10（IL-10）基因的基因多态性与COVID-19严重程度之间的关联。
该研究纳入了160例经逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）确诊的COVID-19患者，其中轻症患者85例，重症患者75例。使用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）技术对所有受试者进行IL-10（基因多态性基因分型，随后进行统计分析。
本研究发现，COVID-19严重程度在性别和年龄方面存在显著差异，轻症和重症组男性患COVID-19的风险分别比女性高1.85倍和3.81倍（P = 0.046和P < 0.001），≥50岁的受试者患病风险高4.35倍（P < 0.001）。基因分型分析表明，IL-10基因多态性与COVID-19严重程度密切相关（P = 0.01），而在我们的研究人群中，未发现IL-10基因多态性会增加COVID-19严重程度的风险。
在这方面，本研究提供了证据表明，IL-10基因多态性与COVID-19严重程度密切相关，CC基因型在预防严重疾病进展方面具有保护作用。需要对更大样本量的遗传变异进行更详细的研究，以确定所研究的IL-10基因多态性与COVID-19严重程度之间的关系。
