Bui Thi Van Anh, Hwangbo Hyesoo, Lai Yimin, Hong Seok Beom, Choi Yeon-Jik, Park Hun-Jun, Ban Kiwon
Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.
Tung Biomedical Sciences Centre, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.
Korean Circ J. 2023 Aug;53(8):499-518. doi: 10.4070/kcj.2023.0048. Epub 2023 Jun 23.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including coronary artery disease, stroke, heart failure, and hypertension, are the global leading causes of death, accounting for more than 30% of deaths worldwide. Although the risk factors of CVDs have been well understood and various treatment and preventive measures have been established, the mortality rate and the financial burden of CVDs are expected to grow exponentially over time due to the changes in lifestyles and increasing life expectancies of the present generation. Recent advancements in metagenomics and metabolomics analysis have identified gut microbiome and its associated metabolites as potential risk factors for CVDs, suggesting the possibility of developing more effective novel therapeutic strategies against CVD. In addition, increasing evidence has demonstrated the alterations in the ratio of to and the imbalance of microbial-dependent metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids and trimethylamine N-oxide, play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of CVD. However, the exact mechanism of action remains undefined to this day. In this review, we focus on the compositional changes in the gut microbiome and its related metabolites in various CVDs. Moreover, the potential treatment and preventive strategies targeting the gut microbiome and its metabolites are discussed.
心血管疾病（CVDs），包括冠状动脉疾病、中风、心力衰竭和高血压，是全球主要的死亡原因，占全球死亡人数的30%以上。尽管心血管疾病的危险因素已被充分了解，并且已经建立了各种治疗和预防措施，但由于当代生活方式的改变和预期寿命的增加，心血管疾病的死亡率和经济负担预计将呈指数级增长。宏基因组学和代谢组学分析的最新进展已将肠道微生物群及其相关代谢产物确定为心血管疾病的潜在危险因素，这表明有可能开发出更有效的新型心血管疾病治疗策略。此外，越来越多的证据表明，肠道微生物群中不同微生物比例的改变以及包括短链脂肪酸和氧化三甲胺在内的微生物依赖性代谢产物的失衡，在心血管疾病的发病机制中起着关键作用。然而，确切的作用机制至今仍不明确。在这篇综述中，我们重点关注各种心血管疾病中肠道微生物群及其相关代谢产物的组成变化。此外，还讨论了针对肠道微生物群及其代谢产物的潜在治疗和预防策略。
