Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Hunan Research Center of Livestock & Poultry Sciences, South-Central Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China.
Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
Sci China Life Sci. 2023 Sep;66(9):2086-2098. doi: 10.1007/s11427-022-2409-0. Epub 2023 Jul 28.
Iron is an essential trace element for both the host and resident microbes in the gut. In this study, iron was administered orally and parenterally to anemic piglets to investigate the role of iron in host-microbiota interaction and its effects on intestinal mucosal growth and immune plasticity. We found that oral iron administration easily increased the abundance of Proteobacteria and Escherichia-Shigella, and decreased the abundance of Lactobacillus in the ileum. Furthermore, similar bacterial changes, namely an increase in Proteobacteria, Escherichia-Shigella, and Fusobacterium and a reduction in the Christensenellaceae_R-7_group, were observed in the colon of both iron-supplemented groups. Spearman's correlation analysis indicated that the changed Fusobacterium, Fusobacteria and Proteobacteria in the colon were positively correlated with hemoglobin, colon and spleen iron levels. Nevertheless, it was found that activated mTOR1 signaling, improved villous height and crypt depth in the ileum, enhanced immune communication, and increased protein expression of IL-22 and IL-10 in the colon of both iron-supplemented groups. In conclusion, the benefits of improved host iron outweigh the risks of altered gut microbiota for intestinal mucosal growth and immune regulation in treating iron deficiency anemia.
铁是肠道宿主和常驻微生物都必需的痕量元素。在这项研究中，通过口服和肠外途径给贫血仔猪补充铁，以研究铁在宿主-微生物群相互作用中的作用及其对肠道黏膜生长和免疫可塑性的影响。我们发现，口服铁补充剂容易增加回肠中变形菌门和大肠杆菌-志贺氏菌的丰度，并降低乳杆菌的丰度。此外，在补充铁的两组仔猪的结肠中也观察到了类似的细菌变化，即变形菌门、大肠杆菌-志贺氏菌和梭杆菌的增加，以及克里斯滕森菌科_R-7 组的减少。Spearman 相关性分析表明，结肠中变化的梭杆菌、梭杆菌和变形菌与血红蛋白、结肠和脾脏铁水平呈正相关。然而，研究发现，补充铁可激活 mTOR1 信号通路，增加回肠的绒毛高度和隐窝深度，增强免疫通讯，并增加结肠中 IL-22 和 IL-10 的蛋白表达。总之，改善宿主铁水平带来的益处超过了改变肠道微生物群对治疗缺铁性贫血的肠道黏膜生长和免疫调节的风险。
