Ashraf Dina, Ombarak Rabee A, Samir Ahmed, Abdel-Salam Ayah B
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat, Egypt.
J Adv Vet Anim Res. 2023 Jun 30;10(2):275-283. doi: 10.5455/javar.2023.j679. eCollection 2023 Jun.
This study aimed to explore the incidence and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of , , and in raw milk and some Egyptian dairy products, namely Kariesh cheese and rice with milk.
112 samples (70 raw milk, 30 Kariesh cheese, and 12 rice with milk) were randomly collected from different districts in Cairo and Giza, Egypt. The samples were examined for , , and presence. The susceptibility of the obtained isolates was tested against 11 antimicrobials using the disk diffusion method, and further, the presence of AMR genes was examined.
The incidences of , , and were 69.64%, 12.5%, and 16.7% in the examined samples, respectively The antibiogram indicated that isolates ( 60) were resistant to gentamycin (73.33%), ampicillin (AM, 53.3%), and cefotaxime (CTX, 16.66%). Multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains ( 5) were tested for β-lactams resistance genes. was detected in all isolates, and two of them additionally carried . isolates ( 10) were resistant to AM (100%), followed by tetracycline (TE), CTX, and gentamycin (60% each). All MDR strains ( 4) carried Z and , and three of them additionally carried (6')- (2''). isolates ( 30) showed resistance to AM (100%), amoxicillin (20%), and TE (6.66%). and A genes were detected in all MDR isolates ( 6).
Our findings denote the high incidence of potential health hazards in raw milk and some of its products and the existence of AMR bacteria, including MDR strains, which can cause human illnesses that are difficult to treat.
本研究旨在探讨生牛奶以及一些埃及乳制品（即卡列什奶酪和牛奶米饭）中 、 和 的发生率及抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）。
从埃及开罗和吉萨的不同地区随机采集了112份样本（70份生牛奶、30份卡列什奶酪和12份牛奶米饭）。对样本进行了 、 和 的检测。采用纸片扩散法检测所获分离株对11种抗菌药物的敏感性，并进一步检测AMR基因的存在情况。
在所检测的样本中， 、 和 的发生率分别为69.64%、12.5%和16.7%。抗菌谱表明， 分离株（ 60）对庆大霉素（73.33%）、氨苄西林（AM，53.3%）和头孢噻肟（CTX，16.66%）耐药。对多重耐药（MDR） 菌株（ 5）检测了β-内酰胺类耐药基因。在所有分离株中均检测到 ，其中两株还携带 。 分离株（ 10）对AM（100%）耐药，其次是四环素（TE）、CTX和庆大霉素（各60%）。所有MDR 菌株（ 4）均携带Z和 ，其中三株还携带(6')-(2'')。 分离株（ 30）对AM（100%）、阿莫西林（20%）和TE（6.66%）耐药。在所有MDR 分离株（ 6）中均检测到 和A基因。
我们的研究结果表明，生牛奶及其一些产品中存在高潜在健康危害，且存在包括MDR菌株在内的AMR细菌，这些细菌可导致难以治疗的人类疾病。
