Yuan Man, Lin Xiaoxian, Wang Dongliang, Dai Jianye
Hebei Edible Bird's Nest Fresh Stew Technology Innovation Center, Langfang 065700, China.
School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
Chin Herb Med. 2023 May 16;15(3):383-390. doi: 10.1016/j.chmed.2023.02.004. eCollection 2023 Jul.
Edible bird's nest (EBN) is a kind of natural invigorant with a long history of consumption in Asia, especially in China. EBN is formed by mixing the saliva of swiftlets () with feathers and other components during the breeding season. Proteins are the most important nutrient in EBN. By studying proteins in EBN, we can not only elucidate their components at the molecular level, but also study their bioactivities. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the proteins in EBN. Previous research on the proteins in EBN was preliminary and cursory, and no one has summarized and analyzed the proteins in EBN and correlated the bioactivities of these proteins with the biological functions of EBN. This article focused on the proteins in EBN, listed the proteins identified in different proteomic studies, and introduced the sources, structures and bioactivities of the most frequently identified proteins, including acidic mammalian chitinase, lysyl oxidase homolog 3, mucin-5AC, ovoinhibitor, nucleobindin-2, calcium-binding protein (MW: 4.5 × 10) and glucose-regulated protein (MW: 7.8 × 10). The properties of these proteins are closely related to the bioactivities of EBN. Therefore, this article can provide inspiration for further research on the efficacy of EBN.
食用燕窝（EBN）是一种天然滋补品，在亚洲尤其是中国有着悠久的食用历史。食用燕窝是由金丝燕在繁殖季节将唾液与羽毛及其他成分混合而成。蛋白质是食用燕窝中最重要的营养成分。通过研究食用燕窝中的蛋白质，我们不仅可以在分子水平上阐明其成分，还可以研究其生物活性。因此，研究食用燕窝中的蛋白质具有重要意义。以往对食用燕窝中蛋白质的研究较为初步和粗略，没有人对食用燕窝中的蛋白质进行总结分析，也没有将这些蛋白质的生物活性与食用燕窝的生物学功能相关联。本文聚焦于食用燕窝中的蛋白质，列出了不同蛋白质组学研究中鉴定出的蛋白质，并介绍了最常鉴定出的蛋白质的来源、结构和生物活性，包括酸性哺乳动物几丁质酶、赖氨酰氧化酶同源物3、黏蛋白-5AC、卵类黏蛋白、核结合蛋白-2、钙结合蛋白（分子量：4.5×10）和葡萄糖调节蛋白（分子量：7.8×10）。这些蛋白质的特性与食用燕窝的生物活性密切相关。因此，本文可为进一步研究食用燕窝的功效提供启示。
