Jiang Tong, Zhou Tao
Department of Plant Pathology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Jul 31;12(15):2830. doi: 10.3390/plants12152830.
Plant viruses, as obligate intracellular parasites, induce significant changes in the cellular physiology of host cells to facilitate their multiplication. These alterations often lead to the development of symptoms that interfere with normal growth and development, causing USD 60 billion worth of losses per year, worldwide, in both agricultural and horticultural crops. However, existing literature often lacks a clear and concise presentation of the key information regarding the mechanisms underlying plant virus-induced symptoms. To address this, we conducted a comprehensive review to highlight the crucial interactions between plant viruses and host factors, discussing key genes that increase viral virulence and their roles in influencing cellular processes such as dysfunction of chloroplast proteins, hormone manipulation, reactive oxidative species accumulation, and cell cycle control, which are critical for symptom development. Moreover, we explore the alterations in host metabolism and gene expression that are associated with virus-induced symptoms. In addition, the influence of environmental factors on virus-induced symptom development is discussed. By integrating these various aspects, this review provides valuable insights into the complex mechanisms underlying virus-induced symptoms in plants, and emphasizes the urgency of addressing viral diseases to ensure sustainable agriculture and food production.
植物病毒作为专性细胞内寄生物，会引起宿主细胞的细胞生理学显著变化，以促进自身繁殖。这些改变常常导致症状出现，干扰正常生长发育，在全球范围内，每年给农业和园艺作物造成价值600亿美元的损失。然而，现有文献往往缺乏关于植物病毒诱导症状背后机制的关键信息的清晰简洁呈现。为解决这一问题，我们进行了全面综述，以突出植物病毒与宿主因子之间的关键相互作用，讨论增加病毒毒力的关键基因及其在影响细胞过程中的作用，如叶绿体蛋白功能障碍、激素调控、活性氧积累和细胞周期控制，这些对症状发展至关重要。此外，我们探讨了与病毒诱导症状相关的宿主代谢和基因表达变化。此外，还讨论了环境因素对病毒诱导症状发展的影响。通过整合这些不同方面，本综述为植物中病毒诱导症状的复杂机制提供了有价值的见解，并强调了解决病毒性疾病以确保可持续农业和粮食生产的紧迫性。
