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A Swine Model of Changes in the Neuronal Electromagnetic Field After Traumatic Brain Injury: A Pilot Study.

作者信息

Brazdzionis James, Radwan Mohamed M, Thankam Finosh G, Rajesh Lal Merlin, Baron David, Connett David A, Agrawal Devendra K, Miulli Dan E

机构信息

Neurosurgery, Riverside University Health System Medical Center, Moreno Valley, USA.

Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, USA.

出版信息

Cureus. 2023 Jul 12;15(7):e41763. doi: 10.7759/cureus.41763. eCollection 2023 Jul.


DOI:10.7759/cureus.41763
PMID:37575822
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10416555/
Abstract

Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global cause of disability and mortality. Treatment depends on mitigation of secondary injury resulting in axonal injury, necrosis, brain dysfunction, and disruption of electrical and chemical signaling in neural circuits. To better understand TBI, translational models are required to study physiology, diagnostics, and treatments in homologous species, such as swine. Electromagnetic fields (EMFs) from altered neural circuits can be measured and historically have been reliant on expensive shielding and supercooling in magnetoencephalography. Using proprietary induction sensors, it has been found that a non-invasive, non-contact approach with an engineered Mu-metal and copper mesh-shielded helmet effectively measures EMFs. This has not yet been investigated in swine models. We wished to evaluate the efficacy of this technology to assess TBI-dependent EMF changes in swine to describe the efficacy of these sensors and this model using a gravity-dependent controlled cortical impact (CCI). Methods A Yucatan miniswine was evaluated using non-contact, non-invasive proprietary induction sensors with an engineered dual-layer Mu-metal and interlaced copper mesh helmet with sensors within EMF channels connected to a helmet. Swine EMF recordings were obtained prior to induced gravity-dependent CCI followed by post-TBI measurements. Behavioral changes and changes in EMF measurements were assessed. EMF measurements were evaluated with an artificial intelligence (AI) model. Results Differences between room "noise" EMF measurements and pre-TBI swine electromagnetic field measurements were identified. Morphological characteristics between pre-injury and post-injury measurements were noted. AI modeling differentiated pre-injury and post-injury patterns in the swine EMF. Frequently identified frequencies seen post-injury were peaks at 2.5 Hz and 6.5 Hz and a valley at 11 Hz. The AI model identified less changes in the slope and thus decreased variation of EMF measurements post-TBI between 4.5 Hz and 7 Hz. Conclusions For the first time, it was identified that cortical function in a swine can be appropriately measured using novel induction sensors and shielding isolated to a helmet and EMF channels. The swine model can be appropriately differentiated from the external noise signal with identifiably different pre-injury and post-injury EMFs. Patterns can be recognized within the post-injury EMF due to altered neural circuits that can be measured using these sensors continuously, non-invasively, and in real time.

摘要
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c183/10416555/5e617212b419/cureus-0015-00000041763-i06.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c183/10416555/8a41f70829a0/cureus-0015-00000041763-i01.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c183/10416555/b763ff4363ff/cureus-0015-00000041763-i02.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c183/10416555/014f6eeab8ff/cureus-0015-00000041763-i03.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c183/10416555/b658ad79ca92/cureus-0015-00000041763-i04.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c183/10416555/0ca8e09b2f1c/cureus-0015-00000041763-i05.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c183/10416555/5e617212b419/cureus-0015-00000041763-i06.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c183/10416555/8a41f70829a0/cureus-0015-00000041763-i01.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c183/10416555/b763ff4363ff/cureus-0015-00000041763-i02.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c183/10416555/014f6eeab8ff/cureus-0015-00000041763-i03.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c183/10416555/b658ad79ca92/cureus-0015-00000041763-i04.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c183/10416555/0ca8e09b2f1c/cureus-0015-00000041763-i05.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c183/10416555/5e617212b419/cureus-0015-00000041763-i06.jpg

相似文献

[1]
A Swine Model of Changes in the Neuronal Electromagnetic Field After Traumatic Brain Injury: A Pilot Study.

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[2]
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[3]
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[4]
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[5]
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[6]
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[7]
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[8]
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[9]
Effect of Electromagnetic Field on Proliferation and Migration of Fibroblasts and Keratinocytes: Implications in Wound Healing and Regeneration.

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[10]
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J Biotechnol Biomed. 2024

引用本文的文献

[1]
Microglial Response to Inflammatory Stimuli Under Electromagnetic Field Exposure.

Arch Clin Biomed Res. 2025

[2]
Modulation of inflammatory response by electromagnetic field in Neuronal and Microglial cells.

J Surg Res (Houst). 2025

[3]
Isolation of Primary Brain Cells: Challenges and Solutions.

Arch Clin Biomed Res. 2025

[4]
Progress to Date on Cranial Electromagnetic Field Stimulation to Modulate Brain Activity.

Cureus. 2025-5-22

[5]
Validation of Electromagnetic Field Sensor Performance Through Porcine Skulls: Implications for Neurostimulation and Recording Techniques.

Cureus. 2025-4-10

[6]
Optimal Frequency for Cranial Electromagnetic Field Stimulation.

Cureus. 2025-3-29

[7]
Localization of Brain Injuries Using Cranial Electromagnetic Fields.

Cureus. 2025-3-13

[8]
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms and Innovative Neurostimulation Treatments in the Management of Traumatic Brain Injury.

J Biotechnol Biomed. 2024

[9]
Effect of Electromagnetic Field on Proliferation and Migration of Fibroblasts and Keratinocytes: Implications in Wound Healing and Regeneration.

J Biotechnol Biomed. 2024

[10]
Transcriptional and Translational Regulation of Differentially Expressed Genes in Yucatan Miniswine Brain Tissues following Traumatic Brain Injury.

J Bioinform Syst Biol. 2024

本文引用的文献

[1]
Cellular Mechanisms of Electromagnetic Field in Traumatic Brain Injury.

J Biotechnol Biomed. 2023

[2]
Intracranial electrophysiological recordings on a swine model of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy.

Front Neurol. 2023-4-17

[3]
Immunomodulatory Effect of Electromagnetic Field in the Treatment of Traumatic Brain Injury.

J Biotechnol Biomed. 2023

[4]
Measuring the Electromagnetic Field of Human Subjects Using Induction Sensors and a Shielded Helmet Without the Need for a Shielded Room.

Cureus. 2022-4-13

[5]
Measuring the Electromagnetic Field of the Human Brain at a Distance Using a Shielded Electromagnetic Field Channel.

Cureus. 2022-3-29

[6]
Measuring Electromagnetic Field Activity Generated by Neurons In Vivo by Humans With Thoughts of Repetitive Motor Activities and Emotional Thoughts.

Cureus. 2022-3-20

[7]
Evaluating the Intrinsic Electromagnetic Field Generated by Neurons From Repetitive Motor Activities in Humans With a Non-contact Non-invasive Electromagnetic Helmet.

Cureus. 2022-3-9

[8]
Glutamate-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (GluCEST) Detects Effects of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to the Motor Cortex.

Neuroimage. 2022-8-1

[9]
Novel Method of Electromagnetic Field Measurements of the Human Brain.

Cureus. 2022-2-7

[10]
Chronic recording of cortical activity underlying vocalization in awake minipigs.

J Neurosci Methods. 2022-1-15

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