Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.
Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Australia.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2023 Aug 22;17(8):e0011549. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011549. eCollection 2023 Aug.
Scabies is a common skin infestation caused by the Sarcoptes scabei mite. Ivermectin, one of three drugs used in mass drug administration (MDA) for lymphatic filariasis, is also effective for treating scabies. Ivermectin-based MDA was first conducted in Samoa in August 2018, with ivermectin being offered to those aged ≥5 years. Here, we report scabies prevalence in Samoa after MDA.
We conducted household surveys 1.5-3.5 months (Survey 1) and 6-8 months (Survey 2) after the 2018 MDA in 35 primary sampling units. We conducted clinical examination for scabies-like rash and used International Alliance for the Control of Scabies classification criteria. We estimated scabies prevalence by age, gender and region. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with prevalence.
We surveyed 2868 people (499 households) and 2796 people (544 households) aged 0-75 years in Surveys 1 and 2, respectively. Scabies prevalence increased from 2.4% (95% CI 2.1-2.7%) to 4.4% (95% CI 4.0-4.9%) between surveys. Scabies was associated with younger age (0-4 years: aOR 3.5 [2.9-4.2]; 5-15 years: aOR 1.6 [1.4-1.8] compared to ≥16 years), female gender (aOR 1.2 [95% CI 1.1-1.4]; region (aOR range from 1.4 [1.1-1.7] to 2.5 [2.1-3.1] between regions), large households (aOR 2.6 [2.0-3.4] households ≥13), and not taking MDA in 2018 (aOR 1.3 [95% CI 1.1-1.6]).
We found moderate prevalence of scabies in two population-representative surveys conducted within 8 months of the 2018 MDA for lymphatic filariasis. Prevalence appeared to increase between the surveys, and ongoing surveillance is recommended, particularly in young children.
疥疮是一种由疥螨引起的常见皮肤寄生虫病。伊维菌素是用于淋巴丝虫病大规模药物治疗（MDA）的三种药物之一，也可有效治疗疥疮。2018 年 8 月，萨摩亚首次在 MDA 中使用伊维菌素，为年龄≥5 岁的人群提供伊维菌素。在此，我们报告 MDA 后萨摩亚的疥疮流行情况。
我们在 2018 年 MDA 后 1.5-3.5 个月（调查 1）和 6-8 个月（调查 2）在 35 个初级抽样单位进行了家庭调查。我们对疑似疥疮样皮疹进行了临床检查，并使用国际疥疮控制联盟分类标准。我们根据年龄、性别和地区估计了疥疮的流行率。多变量逻辑回归用于评估与流行率相关的因素。
我们调查了年龄在 0-75 岁的 2868 人（499 户）和 2796 人（544 户），分别在调查 1 和 2 中。疥疮的流行率从 2.4%（95%CI 2.1-2.7%）增加到 4.4%（95%CI 4.0-4.9%）。疥疮与年龄较小（0-4 岁：aOR 3.5[2.9-4.2]；5-15 岁：aOR 1.6[1.4-1.8]与≥16 岁）、女性（aOR 1.2[95%CI 1.1-1.4]）、地区（aOR 范围从 1.4[1.1-1.7]到 2.5[2.1-3.1]）、大家庭（aOR 2.6[2.0-3.4]家庭≥13）和 2018 年未接受 MDA（aOR 1.3[95%CI 1.1-1.6]）有关。
我们在 2018 年淋巴丝虫病 MDA 后 8 个月内进行的两次具有代表性的人群调查中发现，疥疮的流行率中等。流行率似乎在两次调查之间有所增加，建议进行持续监测，特别是在幼儿中。
