College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33602, USA.
Curr Oncol. 2023 Jul 25;30(8):7112-7131. doi: 10.3390/curroncol30080516.
Nanoparticles have shown marked promise as both antineoplastic agents and drug carriers. Despite strides made in immunomodulation, low success rates and toxicity remain limitations within the clinical oncology setting. In the present review, we assess advances in drug delivery nanoparticles, for systemic and topical use, in skin cancer treatment. A systematic review of controlled trials, meta-analyses, and Cochrane review articles was conducted. Eligibility criteria included: (1) a primary focus on nanoparticle utility for skin cancer; (2) available metrics on prevention and treatment outcomes; (3) detailed subject population; (4) English language; (5) archived as full-text journal articles. A total of 43 articles were selected for review. Qualitative analysis revealed that nanoscale systems demonstrate significant antineoplastic and anti-metastasis properties: increased drug bioavailability, reduced toxicity, enhanced permeability and retention effect, as well as tumor growth inhibition, among others. Nanoformulations for skin cancers have largely lagged behind those tested in other cancers-several of which have commercialized formulae. However, emerging evidence has indicated a powerful role for these carriers in targeting primary and metastatic skin cancers.
纳米粒子作为抗肿瘤药物和药物载体显示出显著的前景。尽管在免疫调节方面取得了进展，但低成功率和毒性仍然是临床肿瘤学领域的限制。在本综述中，我们评估了用于皮肤癌治疗的系统和局部应用的药物输送纳米粒子的进展。对对照试验、荟萃分析和 Cochrane 综述文章进行了系统评价。入选标准包括：(1) 主要关注纳米粒子在皮肤癌中的应用；(2) 有预防和治疗结果的可用指标；(3) 详细的研究对象人群；(4) 英语；(5) 以全文期刊文章存档。共选择了 43 篇文章进行综述。定性分析表明，纳米系统表现出显著的抗肿瘤和抗转移特性：增加药物生物利用度、降低毒性、增强通透性和保留效应，以及抑制肿瘤生长等。用于皮肤癌的纳米制剂在其他癌症中测试的制剂相比已经落后了很多——其中一些已经商业化。然而，新出现的证据表明，这些载体在靶向原发性和转移性皮肤癌方面具有强大的作用。
