Ji Weihong, Zhang Yuanxing, Deng Yuanru, Li Changyong, Kankala Ranjith Kumar, Chen Aizheng
Institute of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, PR China.
Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, PR China.
Regen Biomater. 2023 Aug 11;10:rbad069. doi: 10.1093/rb/rbad069. eCollection 2023.
Atherosclerosis (AS) has emerged as one of the prevalent arterial vascular diseases characterized by plaque and inflammation, primarily causing disability and mortality globally. Drug therapy remains the main treatment for AS. However, a series of obstacles hinder effective drug delivery. Nature, from natural micro-/nano-structural biological particles like natural cells and extracellular vesicles to the distinctions between the normal and pathological microenvironment, offers compelling solutions for efficient drug delivery. Nature-inspired nanocarriers of synthetic stimulus-responsive materials and natural components, such as lipids, proteins and membrane structures, have emerged as promising candidates for fulfilling drug delivery needs. These nanocarriers offer several advantages, including prolonged blood circulation, targeted plaque delivery, targeted specific cells delivery and controlled drug release at the action site. In this review, we discuss the nature-inspired nanocarriers which leverage the natural properties of cells or the microenvironment to improve atherosclerotic drug therapy. Finally, we provide an overview of the challenges and opportunities of applying these innovative nature-inspired nanocarriers.
动脉粥样硬化（AS）已成为一种常见的动脉血管疾病，其特征为斑块和炎症，在全球范围内主要导致残疾和死亡。药物治疗仍然是AS的主要治疗方法。然而，一系列障碍阻碍了有效的药物递送。自然界，从天然细胞和细胞外囊泡等天然微/纳米结构生物颗粒到正常与病理微环境之间的差异，为高效药物递送提供了引人注目的解决方案。受自然启发的合成刺激响应材料和天然成分（如脂质、蛋白质和膜结构）的纳米载体已成为满足药物递送需求的有前途的候选者。这些纳米载体具有几个优点，包括延长血液循环时间、靶向斑块递送、靶向特定细胞递送以及在作用部位控制药物释放。在本综述中，我们讨论了受自然启发的纳米载体，它们利用细胞或微环境的天然特性来改善动脉粥样硬化药物治疗。最后，我们概述了应用这些创新的受自然启发的纳米载体所面临的挑战和机遇。
