Laboratorio de Biointerfases, División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico.
Laboratorio de Estructura de Proteínas, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), 14610, Mexico City, Mexico.
Clin Oral Investig. 2023 Oct;27(10):6135-6145. doi: 10.1007/s00784-023-05230-9. Epub 2023 Aug 30.
The present study aimed to evaluate the potential of the salivary pellicle (SP) formed on titanium (Ti) surfaces to modulate the formation of a biofilm composed of Streptococcus gordonii, Actinomyces naeslundii, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Porphyromonas gingivalis.
Ti substrates were incubated for 2 h with a pool of saliva samples obtained from 10 systemically and periodontally healthy subjects. Enamel substrates were included as a biological reference. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy analysis were used to analyze the formation of the salivary pellicle. After the SP formation, the surfaces were incubated for 12 h with a mix of Streptococcus gordonii, Actinomyces naeslundii, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Porphyromonas gingivalis. The number of bacterial cells attached to each surface was determined by the XTT assay while bacterial viability was analyzed by fluorescence microscopy using the LIVE/DEAD® BacLight kit.
The SEM and Raman spectroscopy analysis confirmed the presence of a salivary pellicle formed on the tested surfaces. Regarding the biofilm formation, the presence of the SP decreases the number of the bacterial cells detected in the test surfaces, compared with the uncover substrates. Even more, the SP-covered substrates showed similar bacterial counts in both Ti and enamel surfaces, meaning that the physicochemical differences of the substrates were less determinant than the presence of the SP. While on the SP-uncover substrates, differences in the bacterial adhesion patterns were directly related to the physicochemical nature of the substrates.
The salivary pellicle was the main modulator in the development of the biofilm consisting of representative oral bacteria on the Ti substrates.
The results of this study provide valuable information on the modulatory effect of the salivary pellicle on biofilm formation; such information allows us to understand better the events involved in the formation of oral biofilms on Ti dental implants.
本研究旨在评估钛（Ti）表面形成的唾液膜（SP）在调节由链球菌、奈瑟放线菌、核梭杆菌和牙龈卟啉单胞菌组成的生物膜形成方面的潜力。
Ti 基底与从 10 名系统和牙周健康受试者获得的唾液样本池孵育 2 小时。釉质基底被用作生物参考。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和拉曼光谱分析用于分析唾液膜的形成。SP 形成后，将表面与链球菌、奈瑟放线菌、核梭杆菌和牙龈卟啉单胞菌的混合物孵育 12 小时。通过 XTT 测定法确定附着在每个表面的细菌细胞数量，并用 LIVE/DEAD® BacLight 试剂盒通过荧光显微镜分析细菌活力。
SEM 和拉曼光谱分析证实了在测试表面形成了唾液膜。关于生物膜的形成，与未覆盖的基底相比，SP 的存在减少了测试表面上检测到的细菌细胞数量。更重要的是，SP 覆盖的基底在 Ti 和釉质表面上显示出相似的细菌计数，这意味着基底的理化差异不如 SP 的存在更具决定性。而在 SP 未覆盖的基底上，细菌粘附模式的差异与基底的理化性质直接相关。
唾液膜是 Ti 基底上代表性口腔细菌生物膜形成的主要调节剂。
本研究的结果提供了关于唾液膜对生物膜形成的调节作用的有价值信息；这些信息使我们能够更好地理解在 Ti 牙科植入物上形成口腔生物膜的相关事件。
