Vasseghian Yasser, Alimohamadi Monireh, Dragoi Elena-Niculina, Sonne Christian
Department of Chemistry, Soongsil University, Seoul, 06978, South Korea; School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon; Department of Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Yuan Ze University, Taiwan.
Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471 Tabriz, Iran.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Dec 10;903:166846. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166846. Epub 2023 Sep 9.
Phthalate esters (PAEs) are known as esters of phthalic acid, which are commonly used as plasticizers in the plastic industry. Due to the lack of chemical bonding with the polymer matrix, these compounds are easily separated from plastic products and enter the environment. To investigate the growth of concentration of PAEs like DBP (Dibutyl phthalate), DEP (Diethyl phthalate), DMP (Dimethyl phthalate), DIBP (Diisobutyl phthalate), and TPMBP (tris(2-methylbutyl) phosphate) in different water sources, a study from January 01, 1976, to April 30, 2021, was implemented via a global systematic review plus meta-analysis in which, 109 articles comprising 4061 samples, 4 water types, and 27 countries were included. Between various types of water sources, river water and lake water were the most contaminated resources with PAEs. Among all studies of PAEs, DBP and DEP with the values >15,573 mg L have the highest average concentration and TPMBP with the value 0.002885 mg L has the lowest average concentration in water sources. The most contaminated water sources with PAEs were in Nigeria and the least contaminated was in China. Besides, Monte-Carlo simulation indicated that for DMP and DEP minimum values that are lower than the acceptable limit are generated. However, most of the population (>75 %) is at risk for both adults and child cases. For DIBP and DBP the situation is much worse, the simulations not providing at least one case where the R index is lower than the acceptable limit of 1E-06.
邻苯二甲酸酯（PAEs）是邻苯二甲酸的酯类，在塑料工业中常用作增塑剂。由于与聚合物基体缺乏化学键合，这些化合物很容易从塑料制品中分离出来并进入环境。为了研究DBP（邻苯二甲酸二丁酯）、DEP（邻苯二甲酸二乙酯）、DMP（邻苯二甲酸二甲酯）、DIBP（邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯）和TPMBP（磷酸三（2-甲基丁基）酯）等PAEs在不同水源中的浓度增长情况，我们开展了一项从1976年1月1日至2021年4月30日的研究，通过全球系统评价加荟萃分析进行，其中纳入了109篇文章，涵盖4061个样本、4种水类型和27个国家。在各类水源中，河水和湖水是受PAEs污染最严重的资源。在所有关于PAEs的研究中，DBP和DEP在水源中的平均浓度最高，值>15573 mg/L，而TPMBP的值为0.002885 mg/L，平均浓度最低。受PAEs污染最严重的水源在尼日利亚，污染最轻的在中国。此外，蒙特卡洛模拟表明，对于DMP和DEP，产生了低于可接受限值的最小值。然而，大多数人群（>75%）在成人和儿童病例中都面临风险。对于DIBP和DBP，情况要糟糕得多，模拟结果没有提供至少一个R指数低于可接受限值1E-06的案例。
