Institute of Microbiology, University Hospital of Lausanne, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Aug 31;24(17):13500. doi: 10.3390/ijms241713500.
The majority of antivirals available target viral proteins; however, RNA is emerging as a new and promising antiviral target due to the presence of highly structured RNA in viral genomes fundamental for their replication cycle. Here, we discuss methods for the identification of RNA-targeting compounds, starting from the determination of RNA structures either from purified RNA or in living cells, followed by in silico screening on RNA and phenotypic assays to evaluate viral inhibition. Moreover, we review the small molecules known to target the programmed ribosomal frameshifting element of SARS-CoV-2, the internal ribosomal entry site of different viruses, and RNA elements of HIV.
大多数可用的抗病毒药物针对的是病毒蛋白；然而，由于病毒基因组中存在高度结构的 RNA，这些 RNA 对其复制周期至关重要，因此 RNA 正成为一个新的有前途的抗病毒靶点。在这里，我们讨论了从确定 RNA 结构开始鉴定 RNA 靶向化合物的方法，无论是从纯化的 RNA 还是在活细胞中，然后在 RNA 上进行计算机筛选和表型测定以评估病毒抑制。此外，我们还回顾了已知针对 SARS-CoV-2 程序性核糖体移码元件、不同病毒的内部核糖体进入位点以及 HIV RNA 元件的小分子。
