Shore Danielle, Robertson Olly, Lafit Ginette, Parkinson Brian
Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, New Radcliffe House, Oxford, OX6 2RR UK.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Affect Sci. 2023 Aug 23;4(3):506-516. doi: 10.1007/s42761-023-00208-y. eCollection 2023 Sep.
This study investigated interpersonal effects of regulating naturalistic facial signals on cooperation during an iterative Prisoner's Dilemma (IPD) game. Fifty pairs of participants played ten IPD rounds across a video link then reported on their own and their partner's expressed emotion and facial regulation in a video-cued recall (VCR) procedure. iMotions software allowed us to auto-code actors' and partners' facial activity following the outcome of each round. We used two-level mixed effects logistic regression to assess over-time actor and partner effects of auto-coded facial activity, self-reported facial regulation, and perceptions of the partner's facial regulation on the actor's subsequent cooperation. Actors were significantly less likely to cooperate when their partners had defected on the previous round. None of the lagged scores based on auto-coded facial activity were significant predictors of cooperation. However, VCR variables representing partner's positive regulation of expressions and actor's perception of partner's positive regulation both significantly increased the probability of subsequent actor cooperation after controlling for prior defection. These results offer preliminary evidence about interpersonal effects of facial regulation in interactive contexts and illustrate how dynamic dyadic emotional processes can be systematically investigated in controlled settings.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42761-023-00208-y.
本研究调查了在迭代囚徒困境（IPD）游戏中调节自然主义面部信号对合作的人际影响。五十对参与者通过视频链接进行十轮IPD游戏，然后在视频提示回忆（VCR）程序中报告自己和搭档表达的情绪以及面部调节情况。iMotions软件使我们能够根据每轮游戏结果自动编码参与者及其搭档的面部活动。我们使用二级混合效应逻辑回归来评估自动编码的面部活动、自我报告的面部调节以及对搭档面部调节的感知对参与者后续合作的随时间变化的参与者和搭档效应。当参与者的搭档在前一轮背叛时，参与者合作的可能性显著降低。基于自动编码面部活动的滞后分数均不是合作的显著预测因素。然而，在控制先前的背叛行为后，代表搭档对表情的积极调节以及参与者对搭档积极调节的感知的VCR变量均显著增加了参与者后续合作的可能性。这些结果为面部调节在互动情境中的人际影响提供了初步证据，并说明了如何在受控环境中系统地研究动态二元情感过程。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s42761-023-00208-y获取的补充材料。
