Xu Yuchen, De la Paz Ernesto, Paul Akshay, Mahato Kuldeep, Sempionatto Juliane R, Tostado Nicholas, Lee Min, Hota Gopabandhu, Lin Muyang, Uppal Abhinav, Chen William, Dua Srishty, Yin Lu, Wuerstle Brian L, Deiss Stephen, Mercier Patrick, Xu Sheng, Wang Joseph, Cauwenberghs Gert
Shu Chien - Gene Lay Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Department of Nanoengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Nat Biomed Eng. 2023 Oct;7(10):1307-1320. doi: 10.1038/s41551-023-01095-1. Epub 2023 Sep 28.
Owing to the proximity of the ear canal to the central nervous system, in-ear electrophysiological systems can be used to unobtrusively monitor brain states. Here, by taking advantage of the ear's exocrine sweat glands, we describe an in-ear integrated array of electrochemical and electrophysiological sensors placed on a flexible substrate surrounding a user-generic earphone for the simultaneous monitoring of lactate concentration and brain states via electroencephalography, electrooculography and electrodermal activity. In volunteers performing an acute bout of exercise, the device detected elevated lactate levels in sweat concurrently with the modulation of brain activity across all electroencephalography frequency bands. Simultaneous and continuous unobtrusive in-ear monitoring of metabolic biomarkers and brain electrophysiology may allow for the discovery of dynamic and synergetic interactions between brain and body biomarkers in real-world settings for long-term health monitoring or for the detection or monitoring of neurodegenerative diseases.
由于耳道与中枢神经系统距离较近，入耳式电生理系统可用于在不引人注意的情况下监测脑状态。在此，我们利用耳部的外分泌汗腺，描述了一种集成在入耳式设备中的电化学和电生理传感器阵列，该阵列置于围绕通用型耳机的柔性基板上，用于通过脑电图、眼电图和皮肤电活动同时监测乳酸浓度和脑状态。在进行急性运动的志愿者中，该设备检测到汗液中乳酸水平升高，同时所有脑电图频段的脑活动都有相应变化。对代谢生物标志物和脑电生理进行同步且持续的非侵入式入耳监测，可能有助于在现实环境中发现脑与身体生物标志物之间的动态协同相互作用，以实现长期健康监测或神经退行性疾病的检测与监测。
