Department of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
Front Public Health. 2023 Oct 4;11:1279599. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1279599. eCollection 2023.
Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a global surge in mental health challenges. This study (PROSPERO CRD42023443860) aimed to investigate the impact of exercise on individuals' mental health through systematic evaluation and meta-analysis to develop a scientific exercise program.
We systematically searched the literature up to August 2023 using PubMed, Web of Science, and SCOPUS. The Cochrane Risk Assessment Tool gaged the methodological quality of the included literature.
Among the initially identified 10,343 search records, 12 studies were deemed to meet the criteria for systematic review and meta-analysis. Exercise significantly improved anxiety (SMD -0.81, 95% CI -1.10 to -0.52, < 0.00001), depression (-1.02, 95% CI -1.42 to -0.62, = 0.0001), stress (-1.05, 95% CI -1.33 to -0.78, < 0.00001), and quality of life (1.11, 95% CI 0.81 to 1.41, < 0.00001). Subgroup analyzes indicated that a single exercise session lasting 30-40 min had the most pronounced effect on reducing anxiety (-1.29, 95% CI -1.12 to -0.86, < 0.00001) and depression (-1.76, 95% CI -2.24 to -1.28, < 0.00001). Similarly, an exercise frequency of 3-5 times per week yielded the greatest benefits for anxiety (-1.31, 95% CI -2.15 to -0.46, < 0.00001) and depression (-1.27, 95% CI -2.11 to -0.41, = 0.0003). Notably, exercise exhibited its most significant impact on depression improvement in the 40-64 age group (-1.32, 95% CI -1.78 to -0.86, < 0.00001). Moreover, exercise notably enhanced anxiety levels among individuals in middle and upper-income brackets (-0.99, 95% CI -1.11 to -0.87, < 0.00001).
Exercise alleviated anxiety disorders, depression, stress levels, and quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic. The most significant impact on anxiety and depression improvement is achieved by engaging in 30-40 min of exercise sessions, 3-5 times per week.
在 COVID-19 大流行期间，全球范围内的心理健康挑战急剧增加。本研究（PROSPERO CRD42023443860）旨在通过系统评价和荟萃分析来研究运动对个体心理健康的影响，从而制定科学的运动方案。
我们系统地检索了截至 2023 年 8 月的文献，包括 PubMed、Web of Science 和 SCOPUS。采用 Cochrane 风险评估工具评估纳入文献的方法学质量。
最初确定的 10343 条检索记录中，有 12 项研究符合系统评价和荟萃分析的标准。运动显著改善了焦虑（SMD-0.81，95%CI-1.10 至-0.52，<0.00001）、抑郁（-1.02，95%CI-1.42 至-0.62，=0.0001）、压力（-1.05，95%CI-1.33 至-0.78，<0.00001）和生活质量（1.11，95%CI0.81 至 1.41，<0.00001）。亚组分析表明，单次持续 30-40 分钟的运动对减轻焦虑（-1.29，95%CI-1.12 至-0.86，<0.00001）和抑郁（-1.76，95%CI-2.24 至-1.28，<0.00001）的效果最显著。同样，每周运动 3-5 次对焦虑（-1.31，95%CI-2.15 至-0.46，<0.00001）和抑郁（-1.27，95%CI-2.11 至-0.41，=0.0003）的改善最为有益。值得注意的是，运动对 40-64 岁人群的抑郁改善效果最为显著（-1.32，95%CI-1.78 至-0.86，<0.00001）。此外，运动显著提高了中高收入阶层人群的焦虑水平（-0.99，95%CI-1.11 至-0.87，<0.00001）。
运动缓解了 COVID-19 大流行期间的焦虑障碍、抑郁、压力和生活质量。每次 30-40 分钟、每周 3-5 次的运动对焦虑和抑郁的改善效果最为显著。
