视觉障碍及其严重程度对约旦与视力相关和与健康相关的生活质量的影响：一项比较横断面研究。
The Effect of Visual Impairment and Its Severity on Vision-Related and Health-Related Quality of Life in Jordan: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study.
作者信息
Jammal Hisham M, Khader Yousef, Kanaan Saddam F, Al-Dwairi Rami, Mohidat Hasan, Al-Omari Rami, Alqudah Noor, Saleh Omar A, Alshorman Haneen, Al Bdour Muawyah
机构信息
Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
出版信息
J Multidiscip Healthc. 2023 Oct 18;16:3043-3056. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S431159. eCollection 2023.
PURPOSE
To assess the effect of visual impairment (VI), its severity, and ocular diseases on vision-related and health-related quality of life (QoL) in Jordan.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
A comparative, cross-sectional, hospital-based study was conducted among a group of 278 patients with VI aged ≥ 18 years, and age and sex-matched control group of 278 individuals with no VI. An interviewer administered the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire (NEI VFQ-25) and the Medical Outcomes Study 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) to all participants.
RESULTS
All the mean VFQ-25 subscales scores, physical component scale (PCS) and the mental component scale (MCS) of the SF-12 were significantly lower in patients with VI compared to controls with no VI. The VFQ-25 subscales (except general health and ocular pain), PCS, and MCS scores significantly decreased with more severity of VI. In the adjusted multivariate analysis, lower level of education (p=0.013), male sex (p=0.016), and the presence of cerebrovascular disease (p=0.019) were significantly associated with lower VFQ-25 composite scores in visually impaired patients compared to controls. Ocular disease duration of >5 years and progressive VI were significantly associated with lower VFQ-25 composite scores (p= 0.026 and p<0.001) respectively, in patients with VI. Glaucoma had a significantly larger reduction in mean scores of all the VFQ-25 subscales, and the PCS of the SF-12 compared to all other ocular diseases.
CONCLUSION
Both VI and increasing severity of impairment were associated with reduced vision-related and health-related quality of life in adult Jordanians. Glaucoma patients and less educated people were particularly affected. Routine assessment of QoL in visually impaired patients and improving referral protocols to vision rehabilitation services is recommended to improve the QoL in those patients.
目的
评估约旦视力损害（VI）及其严重程度和眼部疾病对视力相关和健康相关生活质量（QoL）的影响。
患者与方法
对一组278例年龄≥18岁的视力损害患者以及278例年龄和性别匹配的无视力损害个体组成的对照组进行了一项基于医院的比较性横断面研究。由一名访员向所有参与者发放美国国立眼科研究所视觉功能问卷（NEI VFQ - 25）和医疗结果研究12项简短健康调查（SF - 12）。
结果
与无视力损害的对照组相比，视力损害患者的所有NEI VFQ - 25分量表得分、SF - 12的身体成分量表（PCS）和心理成分量表（MCS）均显著更低。随着视力损害严重程度增加，NEI VFQ - 25分量表（除总体健康和眼痛外）、PCS和MCS得分显著降低。在调整后的多变量分析中，与对照组相比，视力损害患者中较低的教育水平（p = 0.013）、男性（p = 0.016）以及存在脑血管疾病（p = 0.019）与较低的NEI VFQ - 25综合得分显著相关。在视力损害患者中，眼部疾病病程>5年和进行性视力损害分别与较低的NEI VFQ - 25综合得分显著相关（p = 0.026和p<0.001）。与所有其他眼部疾病相比，青光眼患者的所有NEI VFQ - 25分量表平均分以及SF - 12的PCS得分降低幅度显著更大。
结论
视力损害及其严重程度增加均与约旦成年人视力相关和健康相关生活质量降低有关。青光眼患者和受教育程度较低的人群受影响尤为明显。建议对视障患者进行生活质量的常规评估，并改进视力康复服务的转诊方案，以提高这些患者的生活质量。
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