Chee See Wee, Lunkenbein Thomas, Schlögl Robert, Roldán Cuenya Beatriz
Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max-Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max-Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
Chem Rev. 2023 Dec 13;123(23):13374-13418. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00352. Epub 2023 Nov 15.
Heterogeneous catalysis in thermal gas-phase and electrochemical liquid-phase chemical conversion plays an important role in our modern energy landscape. However, many of the structural features that drive efficient chemical energy conversion are still unknown. These features are, in general, highly distinct on the local scale and lack translational symmetry, and thus, they are difficult to capture without the required spatial and temporal resolution. Correlating these structures to their function will, conversely, allow us to disentangle irrelevant and relevant features, explore the entanglement of different local structures, and provide us with the necessary understanding to tailor novel catalyst systems with improved productivity. This critical review provides a summary of the still immature field of electron microscopy for thermal gas-phase and electrochemical liquid-phase reactions. It focuses on the complexity of investigating catalytic reactions and catalysts, progress in the field, and analysis. The forthcoming advances are discussed in view of correlative techniques, artificial intelligence in analysis, and novel reactor designs.
热气相和电化学液相化学转化中的多相催化在现代能源格局中起着重要作用。然而，许多驱动高效化学能转化的结构特征仍然未知。一般来说，这些特征在局部尺度上高度不同且缺乏平移对称性，因此，如果没有所需的空间和时间分辨率，就很难捕捉到它们。相反，将这些结构与其功能相关联，将使我们能够区分无关和相关特征，探索不同局部结构的纠缠，并为我们提供必要的理解，以定制具有更高生产率的新型催化剂体系。这篇批判性综述总结了用于热气相和电化学液相反应的电子显微镜这一仍不成熟的领域。它侧重于研究催化反应和催化剂的复杂性、该领域的进展以及分析。鉴于相关技术、分析中的人工智能和新型反应器设计，讨论了即将取得的进展。
