Davis Jacob, Doyle Bridget, Ishii Haruki, Jayanthi Neeru
Emory Sports Medicine Center, 6335 Hospital Parkway, Suite 302, Johns Creek, GA, 30097, USA.
Georgia Institute of Technology, Sports Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2023 Dec;16(12):627-638. doi: 10.1007/s12178-023-09874-8. Epub 2023 Nov 24.
The evaluation of a young athlete with an overuse injury to the knee involves a comprehensive approach. There are a number of elements to consider including assessments of skeletal maturity (biologic maturation), workload (training load + competition load), sport specialization status, and biomechanics. The type of injury and treatment, as well as future prognosis, may be influenced by these and other factors.
Calculating the percentage of predicted adult height (PPAH) is a valuable tool in assessing overuse injury patterns and diagnoses in youth athletes. Modifiable and non-modifiable overuse injury risk factors require monitoring from clinicians as young athletes mature and develop over time. Training and rehabilitation programs should be adapted to account for these. In this manuscript, we seek to introduce a novel, comprehensive approach: S.P.O.R.R.T. (Skeletal Maturity, Prior Injury Risk, One Sport Specialization, Rehabilitation, Return to Play, Training Recommendations) (Fig. 1). Overuse, non-traumatic injuries to the knee in youth athletes will be presented in a case-based and evidence-based model to provide a framework for a comprehensive approach to the assessment and treatment of youth athletes with overuse injuries.
对一名患有膝关节过度使用损伤的年轻运动员进行评估需要采用综合方法。需要考虑许多因素，包括骨骼成熟度（生物成熟度）、工作量（训练负荷 + 比赛负荷）、运动专项化状态和生物力学。损伤类型、治疗方法以及未来预后可能会受到这些因素和其他因素的影响。
计算预测成人身高百分比（PPAH）是评估青少年运动员过度使用损伤模式和诊断的一种有价值的工具。随着年轻运动员的成熟和成长，可改变和不可改变的过度使用损伤风险因素需要临床医生进行监测。训练和康复计划应据此进行调整。在本手稿中，我们试图引入一种新颖的综合方法：S.P.O.R.R.T.（骨骼成熟度、既往损伤风险、单一运动专项化、康复、重返赛场、训练建议）（图1）。青少年运动员膝关节的过度使用、非创伤性损伤将以基于病例和循证的模型呈现，为评估和治疗患有过度使用损伤的青少年运动员提供一个综合方法的框架。
