Izhari Mohammad Asrar, Al Mutawa Omar A, Mahzari Ali, Alotaibi Essa Ajmi, Almashary Maher A, Alshahrani Jaber Abdullah, Gosady Ahmed R A, Almutairi Abdulrahman M, Dardari Daifallah M M, AlGarni Abdul Kareem A
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Al-Baha University, Al Baha 65522, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Dermatology, Al-Kharj Military Hospital, Al-Kharj 11361, Saudi Arabia.
Life (Basel). 2023 Nov 13;13(11):2206. doi: 10.3390/life13112206.
-associated dyslipidemia has been reported to be a major risk factor for atherosclerosis and coronary heart diseases. We aimed to investigate the association of the infection with dyslipidemia.
A retrospective case-control study was undertaken to evaluate -associated dyslipidemia, where -positive individuals were treated as the case group ( = 260) while -negative individuals were considered as the control group ( = 250). The mean ± SD of the age of the patients included ( = 510) was 44.01 ± 13.58 years. Study subjects with a total cholesterol level of >5.17 mmol/L and/or a triglyceride level of >1.69 mmol/L and/or an LDL-C level of >2.59 mmol/L and/or an HDL-C level of <1 mmol/L in males and/or an HDL-C level of <1.3 mmol/L in females were defined as dyslipidemia. Descriptive (mean, standard deviation, median, and IQR) and inferential (-test, chi-square test, and logistic regression) statistical analyses were undertaken using the R-base/R-studio (v-4.0.2)/tidyverse package. Univariate and bivariate logistic regressions were executed to calculate the crude and adjusted odds ratio along with the -value. A -value of <0.05 was the cut-off for statistical significance. We used ggplot2 for data visualization.
The differences in overall mean ± SD ( positive vs. negative) of the cholesterol (5.22 ± 1.0 vs. 5.49 ± 0.85, < 0.01), triglyceride (1.66 ± 0.75 vs. 1.29 ± 0.71, < 0.001), LDL-C (3.43 ± 0.74 vs. 3.26 ± 0.81, < 0.05), and HDL-C (1.15 ± 0.30 vs. 1.30 ± 0.25, < 0.001) levels were statistically significant. The cholesterol and LDL-C levels in ages >60, age = 30-60, in females, and LDL-C levels in males were not significantly different for the -positive and -negative groups. The proportion ( positive vs. negative) of hypercholesterolemia (190/59.9% vs. 127/40% < 0.01), hypertriglyceridemia (136/68% vs. 64/32% < 0.001), high LDL-cholesterolemia levels (234/53% vs. 201/46% < 0.01), and low HDL-cholesterolemia levels (149/71% vs. 60/28.7% < 0.01) were statistically significant. The odds of having hypercholesterolemia (AOR: 2.64, 95%CI: 1.824-3.848, < 0.001), hypertriglyceridemia (AOR: 3.24, 95%CI: 2.227-4.757, < 0.001), an increased LDL-C level (AOR: 2.174, 95%CI: 1.309-3.684, < 0.01), and a decreased HDL-C level (AOR: 4.2, 95%CI: 2.937-6.321, < 0.001) were 2.64, 3.24, 2.17, and 4.2 times higher in the -infected individuals as compared with the -uninfected group.
Our results demonstrate that an enhanced risk of dyslipidemia is associated with the infection, which can aggrandize the atherosclerosis process. The evaluation of temporal variation in the lipid profile in -infected individuals is recommended for the effective management of -infected patients.
据报道，[某种感染]相关的血脂异常是动脉粥样硬化和冠心病的主要危险因素。我们旨在研究[该感染]与血脂异常之间的关联。
进行了一项回顾性病例对照研究，以评估[某种感染]相关的血脂异常，其中[感染呈阳性的个体]被视为病例组（n = 260），而[感染呈阴性的个体]被视为对照组（n = 250）。纳入的患者（n = 510）的平均年龄±标准差为44.01±13.58岁。总胆固醇水平>5.17 mmol/L和/或甘油三酯水平>1.69 mmol/L和/或低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）水平>2.59 mmol/L和/或男性高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）水平<1 mmol/L和/或女性HDL-C水平<1.3 mmol/L的研究对象被定义为血脂异常。使用R-base/R-studio（v - 4.0.2）/tidyverse软件包进行描述性（均值、标准差、中位数和四分位距）和推断性（t检验、卡方检验和逻辑回归）统计分析。进行单变量和双变量逻辑回归以计算粗比值比和调整后的比值比以及P值。P值<0.05为具有统计学意义的临界值。我们使用ggplot2进行数据可视化。
胆固醇（5.22±1.0 vs. 5.49±0.85，P < 0.01）、甘油三酯（1.66±0.75 vs. 1.29±0.71，P < 0.001）、LDL-C（3.43±0.74 vs. 3.26±0.81，P < 0.05）和HDL-C（1.15±0.30 vs. 1.30±0.25，P < 0.001）水平的总体平均±标准差（阳性与阴性）差异具有统计学意义。在年龄>60岁、年龄30 - 60岁的人群中，女性的胆固醇和LDL-C水平以及男性的LDL-C水平在[感染呈阳性和阴性的组之间]无显著差异。高胆固醇血症（190/59.9% vs. 127/40%，P < 0.01）、高甘油三酯血症（136/68% vs. 64/32%，P < 0.001）、高LDL-胆固醇血症水平（234/53% vs. 201/46%，P < 0.01）和低HDL-胆固醇血症水平（149/71% vs. 60/28.7%，P < 0.01）的比例（阳性与阴性）差异具有统计学意义。与未感染[该病毒的组]相比，感染[该病毒的个体]患高胆固醇血症（调整后的比值比：2.64，95%置信区间：(1.824 - 3.848)，P < 0.001）、高甘油三酯血症（调整后的比值比：3.24，95%置信区间：(2.227 - 4.757)，P < 0.001）、LDL-C水平升高（调整后的比值比：2.174，95%置信区间：(1.309 - 3.684)，P < 0.01）和HDL-C水平降低（调整后的比值比：4.2，95%置信区间：(2.937 - 6.321)，P < 0.001）的几率分别高2.64倍、3.24倍、2.17倍和4.2倍。
我们的结果表明，血脂异常风险增加与[该感染]有关，这可能会加剧动脉粥样硬化进程。建议对感染[该病毒的个体]的血脂谱随时间的变化进行评估，以有效管理感染[该病毒的患者]。
