Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Dermatology Research Clinic, 1150 NW 14th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
Arch Dermatol Res. 2023 Dec 19;316(1):55. doi: 10.1007/s00403-023-02747-7.
Sebaceous carcinoma (SC) is a very rare and aggressive form of skin cancer that arises from the sebaceous glands. SC can occur anywhere on the body, but most commonly affects the head and neck, especially the upper eyelid. SC is the third most common malignancy of the eyelid and has the potential to metastasize and be fatal; therefore, it is vital for dermatologists to remain acquainted with this malignancy and its most current treatment options. Most commonly presenting as a painless lump or thickening of skin on the eyelid, SC has an insidious progression that may not prompt the patient to seek medical attention immediately. To avoid the potential of metastasis, early diagnosis and treatment is paramount. To assess if the cancer has spread, ophthalmology, imaging, and sentinel lymph node biopsy are recommended. This article provides a comprehensive review of SC's pathogenesis, current diagnostic methods, and treatments, including wide local excision, Mohs micrographic surgery, orbital exenteration, radiation, and other topicals. The prognosis of SC depends on several factors, including size, location, stage, and treatment method. After treatment of the neoplasm, diligent post-treatment surveillance remains the cornerstone of patient care. Continued dermatologic follow-ups are essential for early detection of reoccurrence, ensuring timely intervention and optimal long-term outcomes. In conclusion, this comprehensive review aims to equip dermatologists and other physicians with a nuanced understanding of SC, enabling them to provide effective care to support patients encountering this malignancy.
皮脂腺癌（SC）是一种非常罕见且侵袭性强的皮肤癌，起源于皮脂腺。SC 可发生于身体任何部位，但最常影响头颈部，特别是上眼睑。SC 是眼睑第三大常见恶性肿瘤，有转移和致命的潜力；因此，皮肤科医生了解这种恶性肿瘤及其最新的治疗选择至关重要。SC 最常见的表现为眼睑无痛性肿块或皮肤增厚，其进展隐匿，患者可能不会立即寻求医疗关注。为了避免转移的潜在风险，早期诊断和治疗至关重要。为了评估癌症是否扩散，建议进行眼科、影像学和前哨淋巴结活检。本文全面回顾了 SC 的发病机制、当前的诊断方法和治疗方法，包括广泛局部切除、Mohs 显微外科手术、眼眶切除术、放疗和其他局部治疗。SC 的预后取决于多个因素，包括大小、位置、分期和治疗方法。在治疗肿瘤后，患者的密切随访仍然是护理的基石。持续的皮肤科随访对于早期发现复发至关重要，以确保及时干预和最佳长期结果。总之，本综述旨在使皮肤科医生和其他医生对 SC 有更细致的了解，从而为遇到这种恶性肿瘤的患者提供有效的护理。
