Wang Tao, Tang Chuyu, Xiao Mengjun, Cao Zhengfei, He Min, Qi Jianzhao, Li Yuling, Li Xiuzhang
State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China.
College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China.
Foods. 2023 Dec 21;13(1):48. doi: 10.3390/foods13010048.
Fresh and dried are widely used by the public for medicinal and health purposes. However, the differences between them have not been examined. In this study, fresh wild and artificial (WFC and AFC) were dried to obtain dried wild and artificial (WDC and ADC). Non-targeted GC-MS was used to analyze the metabolic profile characteristics of the four groups of samples. The results showed that air drying significantly altered the composition and content of , mainly in the form of higher abundance of organic acids and derivatives and lower abundance of lipids and lipid-like molecules in fresh . Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and quantitative analyses showed that air drying increased the abundance of Valine, Zinniol, Urocanate, Vulpinic acid, and Uridine 5'-diphosphate, and decreased Xanthotoxol, Vitexin-4-o-glucoside, Val-trp, and Wogonin. These differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were also shown to be potential biomarkers for . KEGG enrichment analysis identified lysine biosynthesis as the most significantly enriched pathway. Annotation of these DAMs to lysine biosynthesis revealed that citrate cycle and pyruvate metabolism entered lysine biosynthesis via 2-oxohlutarate and Homocitrate, respectively, resulting in significant enrichment of L-saccharopine and L-lysine content was significantly higher. Alanine, aspartate, and Glutamate metabolism synthesized more L-aspartate to promote L-lysine synthesis. Thus, high levels of L-lysine result in lysine degradation and pymolysine, which are the most active metabolic pathways during the drying of fresh and indirectly lead to differences in metabolic profiles.
新鲜的和干燥的（某种物质，原文未明确）被公众广泛用于药用和保健目的。然而，它们之间的差异尚未得到研究。在本研究中，将新鲜的野生和人工种植的（该物质，原文未明确）（WFC和AFC）进行干燥，以获得干燥的野生和人工种植的（该物质，原文未明确）（WDC和ADC）。使用非靶向气相色谱 - 质谱联用技术分析这四组样品的代谢谱特征。结果表明，风干显著改变了（该物质，原文未明确）的组成和含量，主要表现为新鲜的（该物质，原文未明确）中有机酸及其衍生物的丰度较高，而脂质和类脂分子的丰度较低。层次聚类分析（HCA）和定量分析表明，风干增加了缬氨酸、百日菊醇、尿刊酸、狐衣酸和尿苷5'-二磷酸的丰度，并降低了花椒毒素、牡荆素 - 4 - O - 葡萄糖苷、缬氨酸 - 色氨酸和汉黄芩素的含量。这些差异积累的代谢物（DAMs）也被证明是（该物质，原文未明确）的潜在生物标志物。KEGG富集分析确定赖氨酸生物合成是最显著富集的途径。将这些DAMs注释到赖氨酸生物合成中发现，柠檬酸循环和丙酮酸代谢分别通过2 - 氧代戊二酸和高柠檬酸进入赖氨酸生物合成，导致L - 沙罗品的显著富集，并且L - 赖氨酸含量显著更高。丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢合成更多的L - 天冬氨酸以促进L - 赖氨酸的合成。因此，高水平的L - 赖氨酸导致赖氨酸降解和焦赖氨酸，这是新鲜的（该物质，原文未明确）干燥过程中最活跃的代谢途径，并间接导致代谢谱的差异。
