He Min, Wang Tao, Tang Chuyu, Xiao Mengjun, Pu Xiaojian, Qi Jianzhao, Li Yuling, Li Xiuzhang
State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai Academy of Animal and Veterinary Science, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China.
Center of Edible Fungi, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China.
J Fungi (Basel). 2025 Jan 9;11(1):51. doi: 10.3390/jof11010051.
is a fungus that is cultured through fermentation from wild Chinese cordyceps. While studies have examined its metabolites, the evaluation of its antioxidant capacity remains to be conducted. The antioxidant results of indicate that the ferric ion-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), antioxidant capacity (2.74 ± 0.12 μmol Trolox/g), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) free radical scavenging rate (60.21 ± 0.51%), and the hydroxyl free radical scavenging rate (91.83 ± 0.68%) reached a maximum on day 30. Using LC-MS/MS to measure the metabolites on D24, D30, and D36, we found that the majority of the differential accumulated metabolites (DAMs) primarily accumulate in lipids, organoheterocyclic compounds, and organic acids and their derivatives. Notably, the DAMs exhibiting high peaks include acetylcarnitine, glutathione, linoleic acid, and L-propionylcarnitine, among others. The transcriptome analysis results indicate that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) exhibiting high expression peaks on D30 primarily included , , and ; high expression peaks on D24 comprised and ; high expression peaks on D36 included , , and . The combined analysis revealed significant and extremely significant positive and negative correlations between all the DAMs and DEGs. The primary enriched pathways ( < 0.05) included glutathione metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, carbon metabolism, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, and phenylalanine metabolism. The metabolic pathway map revealed that the DAMs and DEGs influencing the antioxidant activity of were significantly up-regulated on D30 but down-regulated on D36. The correlation analysis suggests that an increase in the content of DEGs and DAMs promotes an increase in the levels of enzyme and non-enzyme substances, ultimately enhancing the antioxidant capacity of . These findings serve as a reference of how DAMs and DEGs affect the antioxidant activity of . This may contribute to the enhanced development and application of .
是一种通过对野生冬虫夏草进行发酵培养得到的真菌。虽然已有研究对其代谢产物进行了检测，但对其抗氧化能力的评估仍有待开展。[具体名称]的抗氧化结果表明，铁离子还原抗氧化能力（FRAP）、抗氧化能力（2.74±0.12μmol Trolox/g）、2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼（DPPH•）自由基清除率（60.21±0.51%）以及羟基自由基清除率（91.83±0.68%）在第30天达到最大值。利用液相色谱-串联质谱法（LC-MS/MS）对第24天、第3天和第36天的代谢产物进行测定，我们发现大多数差异积累代谢物（DAMs）主要积累在脂质、有机杂环化合物以及有机酸及其衍生物中。值得注意的是，呈现高峰的DAMs包括乙酰肉碱、谷胱甘肽、亚油酸和L-丙酰肉碱等。转录组分析结果表明，在第30天呈现高表达峰的差异表达基因（DEGs）主要包括[具体基因1]、[具体基因2]和[具体基因3]；在第24天的高表达峰包括[具体基因4]和[具体基因5]；在第36天的高表达峰包括[具体基因6]、[具体基因7]和[具体基因8]。综合分析显示，所有DAMs和DEGs之间存在显著和极显著的正相关与负相关。主要富集途径（P<0.05）包括谷胱甘肽代谢、色氨酸代谢、碳代谢、次生代谢物生物合成以及苯丙氨酸代谢。代谢途径图显示，影响[具体名称]抗氧化活性的DAMs和DEGs在第30天显著上调，但在第36天下调。相关性分析表明，DEGs和DAMs含量的增加促进了酶类和非酶类物质水平的提高，最终增强了[具体名称]的抗氧化能力。这些发现为DAMs和DEGs如何影响[具体名称]的抗氧化活性提供了参考。这可能有助于[具体名称]的进一步开发和应用。
