Murthy Hosakatte Niranjana, Joseph Kadanthottu Sebastian, Paek Kee Yoeup, Park So-Young
Department of Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad 580003, India.
Department of Horticultural Science, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Dec 31;13(1):117. doi: 10.3390/plants13010117.
Anthocyanins are water-soluble pigments found in plants. They exist in various colors, including red, purple, and blue, and are utilized as natural colorants in the food and cosmetics industries. The pharmaceutical industry uses anthocyanins as therapeutic compounds because they have several medicinal qualities, including anti-obesity, anti-cancer, antidiabetic, neuroprotective, and cardioprotective effects. Anthocyanins are conventionally procured from colored fruits and vegetables and are utilized in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries. However, the composition and concentration of anthocyanins from natural sources vary quantitively and qualitatively; therefore, plant cell and organ cultures have been explored for many decades to understand the production of these valuable compounds. A great deal of research has been carried out on plant cell cultures using varied methods, such as the selection of suitable cell lines, medium optimization, optimization culture conditions, precursor feeding, and elicitation for the production of anthocyanin pigments. In addition, metabolic engineering technologies have been applied for the hyperaccumulation of these compounds in varied plants, including tobacco and arabidopsis. In this review, we describe various strategies applied in plant cell and organ cultures for the production of anthocyanins.
花青素是存在于植物中的水溶性色素。它们有多种颜色，包括红色、紫色和蓝色，并在食品和化妆品行业中用作天然色素。制药行业将花青素用作治疗化合物，因为它们具有多种药用特性，包括抗肥胖、抗癌、抗糖尿病、神经保护和心脏保护作用。花青素传统上从有色水果和蔬菜中获取，并用于食品、制药和化妆品行业。然而，天然来源的花青素的组成和浓度在数量和质量上都有所不同；因此，几十年来人们一直在探索植物细胞和器官培养，以了解这些有价值化合物的生产情况。人们使用各种方法对植物细胞培养进行了大量研究，例如选择合适的细胞系、优化培养基、优化培养条件、添加前体物质以及诱导花青素色素的产生。此外，代谢工程技术已被应用于使这些化合物在包括烟草和拟南芥在内的多种植物中过量积累。在这篇综述中，我们描述了在植物细胞和器官培养中用于生产花青素的各种策略。
