School of Medical Imaging, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350122, P. R. China.
College of Geography and Ocean, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350108, P. R. China.
Adv Sci (Weinh). 2024 Apr;11(13):e2306301. doi: 10.1002/advs.202306301. Epub 2024 Jan 21.
Owing to the high penetration ability and the safety of ultrasound (US) of sonodynamic therapy (SDT), it has gained significant attention in tumor treatment. However, its therapeutic efficiency depends on the performance of the sonosensitizers. The hypoxic microenvironment and abnormal stromal matrix restrict the full potential of sonosensitizers. In this study, a US-activated bowl-shaped nanobomb (APBN) is designed as a novel sonosensitizer to enhance the SDT effect through various means. This enhancement strategy combines three major characteristics: relieving tumor hypoxia, amplifying bubble cavitation damage, and US-movement-enhanced permeation. The unique bowl-shaped structure of APBN provides more favorable attachment sites for the generated oxygen gas bubbles. Thus, when catalase-like APBN catalyzes endogenous hydrogen peroxide to produce oxygen, bubbles accumulate at the groove, preventing the dissipation of oxygen and increasing the number of cavitation nuclei to improve the acoustic cavitation effect. This approach differs from traditional SDT strategies because it couples the sonodynamic effect with reactive oxygen species generation and bubble cavitation damage rather than a single action. Additionally, the asymmetric bowl-shaped structure generates a driving force under the US field, improving the distribution of sonosensitizers in the tumors. Using US and photoacoustic imaging for dual localization, these sonosensitizers can improve the accuracy of orthotopic liver tumor treatment, which presents a promising avenue for the treatment of deep tumors.
由于声动力学治疗(SDT)的超声(US)具有高穿透能力和安全性,因此它在肿瘤治疗中引起了广泛关注。然而,其治疗效果取决于声敏剂的性能。缺氧微环境和异常的基质阻碍了声敏剂的充分发挥。在本研究中,设计了一种 US 激活的碗状纳米炸弹(APBN)作为新型声敏剂,通过多种手段增强 SDT 效应。这种增强策略结合了三大特点:缓解肿瘤缺氧、放大气泡空化损伤和 US 运动增强渗透。APBN 的独特碗状结构为生成的氧气气泡提供了更有利的附着位点。因此,当类过氧化氢酶的 APBN 催化内源性过氧化氢产生氧气时,气泡在凹槽处积聚,防止氧气消散并增加空化核数量,从而提高声空化效应。这种方法与传统的 SDT 策略不同,因为它将声动力学效应与活性氧生成和气泡空化损伤结合在一起,而不是单一作用。此外,不对称的碗状结构在 US 场下产生驱动力,改善了肿瘤内声敏剂的分布。通过 US 和光声成像进行双重定位,这些声敏剂可以提高原位肝癌治疗的准确性,为深部肿瘤的治疗提供了有前途的途径。