Deng Pei, Yan Weihua, Yu Ying, Zhang Yeqin, Zhang Liqing
China Football College, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.
China Institute for Advanced Olympic Studies, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.
Front Psychol. 2024 Jan 5;14:1288998. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1288998. eCollection 2023.
This study explores online fan satisfaction with the Video Assistant Referee (VAR) during the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022. A structural equation model comprising perceived value, fan expectation, fan identification, and fan satisfaction was run. The online questionnaires were distributed among Chinese football fans. A total of 224 valid responses were received. Using indicators like Cronbach's alpha coefficient, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) statistic, and Bartlett's test of sphericity, the results were assessed for reliability, validity, and suitability. From the statistical results, the overall satisfaction of fans with VAR is the middle. Both fan expectation and perceived value positively affect satisfaction ( < 0.01); the path coefficients were 0.26 and 0.57. Contrastingly, fan identification exerts no significant effect on fan satisfaction ( > 0.05); and fan expectation indirectly affects fan satisfaction through perceived value ( < 0.01); the path coefficient was 0.29. The highest effect value for fan satisfaction is perceived value, followed by fan expectation. Consequently, to improve online fan satisfaction with VAR, researchers should focus on perceived value. This research contributes to a greater more comprehensive of Chinese online fans' preference towards VAR at the FIFA World Cup Qatar 2022.
本研究探讨了2022年卡塔尔世界杯期间球迷对视频助理裁判（VAR）的在线满意度。运行了一个包含感知价值、球迷期望、球迷认同和球迷满意度的结构方程模型。在线问卷在中国球迷中分发。共收到224份有效回复。使用克朗巴哈系数、凯泽-迈耶-奥尔金（KMO）统计量和巴特利特球形度检验等指标，对结果进行了可靠性、有效性和适用性评估。从统计结果来看，球迷对VAR的总体满意度处于中等水平。球迷期望和感知价值均对满意度产生正向影响（<0.01）；路径系数分别为0.26和0.57。相比之下，球迷认同对球迷满意度没有显著影响（>0.05）；球迷期望通过感知价值间接影响球迷满意度（<0.01）；路径系数为0.29。对球迷满意度影响最大的是感知价值，其次是球迷期望。因此，为了提高球迷对VAR的在线满意度，研究人员应关注感知价值。本研究有助于更全面地了解中国在线球迷对2022年卡塔尔世界杯VAR的偏好。
