Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea.
Sensors (Basel). 2024 Jan 10;24(2):431. doi: 10.3390/s24020431.
Industrial development has led to the widespread production of toxic materials, including carcinogenic, mutagenic, and toxic chemicals. Even with strict management and control measures, such materials still pose threats to human health. Therefore, convenient chemical sensors are required for toxic chemical monitoring, such as optical, electrochemical, nanomaterial-based, and biological-system-based sensors. Many existing and new chemical sensors have been developed, as well as new methods based on novel technologies for detecting toxic materials. The emergence of material sciences and advanced technologies for fabrication and signal-transducing processes has led to substantial improvements in the sensing elements for target recognition and signal-transducing elements for reporting interactions between targets and sensing elements. Many excellent reviews have effectively summarized the general principles and applications of different types of chemical sensors. Therefore, this review focuses on chemical sensor advancements in terms of the sensing and signal-transducing elements, as well as more recent achievements in chemical sensors for toxic material detection. We also discuss recent trends in biosensors for the detection of toxic materials.
工业发展导致了大量有毒物质的广泛生产，包括致癌、致突变和有毒化学品。即使采取了严格的管理和控制措施，这些物质仍然对人类健康构成威胁。因此，需要方便的化学传感器来监测有毒化学物质，例如基于光学、电化学、纳米材料和生物系统的传感器。已经开发出许多现有的和新的化学传感器，以及基于新技术的新方法，用于检测有毒物质。材料科学和先进的制造技术以及信号转换过程的出现，导致用于目标识别的传感元件和用于报告目标与传感元件之间相互作用的信号转换元件得到了实质性的改进。许多优秀的综述有效地总结了不同类型化学传感器的一般原理和应用。因此，本综述重点介绍了化学传感器在传感和信号转换元件方面的进展，以及用于检测有毒物质的化学传感器的最新成果。我们还讨论了用于检测有毒物质的生物传感器的最新趋势。
