School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Daneshjoo Blvd, Evin, Shahid Chamran Highway, Tehran, 1983963113, Iran.
Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
BMC Oral Health. 2024 Feb 2;24(1):168. doi: 10.1186/s12903-024-03902-w.
Human saliva as a bodily fluid-similar to blood-is utilized for diagnostic purposes. Unlike blood sampling, collecting saliva is non-invasive, inexpensive, and readily accessible. There are no previously published systematic reviews regarding different collection, transportation, preparation, and storage methods for human saliva.
This study has been prepared and organized according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines. This systematic review has been registered at PROSPERO (Registration ID: CRD42023415384). The study question according to the PICO format was as followed: Comparison of the performance (C) of different saliva sampling, handling, transportation, and storage techniques and methods (I) assessed for analyzing stimulated or unstimulated human saliva (P and O). An electronic search was executed in Scopus, Google Scholar, and PubMed.
Twenty-three descriptive human clinical studies published between 1995 and 2022 were included. Eight categories of salivary features and biomarkers were investigated (i.e., salivary flow rate, total saliva quantity, total protein, cortisol, testosterone, DNA quality and quantity, pH and buffering pH). Twenty-two saliva sampling methods/devices were utilized. Passive drooling, Salivette®, and spitting were the most utilized methods. Sampling times with optimum capabilities for cortisol, iodine, and oral cancer metabolites are suggested to be 7:30 AM to 9:00 AM, 10:30 AM to 11:00 AM, and 14:00 PM to 20:00 PM, respectively. There were 6 storage methods. Centrifuging samples and storing them at -70 °C to -80 °C was the most utilized storage method. For DNA quantity and quality, analyzing samples immediately after collection without centrifuging or storage, outperformed centrifuging samples and storing them at -70 °C to -80 °C. Non-coated Salivette® was the most successful method/device for analyzing salivary flow rate.
It is highly suggested that scientists take aid from the reported categorized outcomes, and design their study questions based on the current voids for each method/device.
人体唾液与血液类似，可作为体液用于诊断目的。与采血相比，采集唾液具有非侵入性、成本低和易于获取等优点。目前尚无关于人体唾液不同采集、运输、准备和储存方法的系统评价。
本研究根据系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）2020 指南进行准备和组织。本系统评价已在 PROSPERO（注册号：CRD42023415384）上注册。根据 PICO 格式的研究问题如下：比较不同唾液采样、处理、运输和储存技术和方法（I）在分析刺激或非刺激唾液（P 和 O）时的性能（C）。在 Scopus、Google Scholar 和 PubMed 上进行了电子检索。
共纳入 1995 年至 2022 年期间发表的 23 项描述性人体临床研究。研究调查了 8 类唾液特征和生物标志物（即唾液流量、总唾液量、总蛋白、皮质醇、睾酮、DNA 质量和数量、pH 值和缓冲 pH 值）。使用了 22 种唾液采样方法/设备。被动流涎、Salivette®和吐口水是最常用的方法。建议用于检测皮质醇、碘和口腔癌代谢物的最佳采样时间为 7:30 AM 至 9:00 AM、10:30 AM 至 11:00 AM 和 14:00 PM 至 20:00 PM。有 6 种储存方法。离心样品并储存在-70°C 至-80°C 是最常用的储存方法。对于 DNA 数量和质量，与离心样品并储存在-70°C 至-80°C 相比，在收集后立即分析而无需离心或储存的样品表现更好。非涂层 Salivette®是分析唾液流量的最成功的方法/设备。
强烈建议科学家参考报告的分类结果，并根据每种方法/设备的当前空白设计他们的研究问题。
