Habowski Amber N, Budagavi Deepthi P, Scherer Sandra D, Aurora Arin B, Caligiuri Giuseppina, Flynn William F, Langer Ellen M, Brody Jonathan R, Sears Rosalie C, Foggetti Giorgia, Arnal Estape Anna, Nguyen Don X, Politi Katerina A, Shen Xiling, Hsu David S, Peehl Donna M, Kurhanewicz John, Sriram Renuka, Suarez Milagros, Xiao Sophie, Du Yuchen, Li Xiao-Nan, Navone Nora M, Labanca Estefania, Willey Christopher D
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Long Island, NY 11724, USA.
Department of Oncologic Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
Cancers (Basel). 2024 Jan 29;16(3):565. doi: 10.3390/cancers16030565.
For over a century, early researchers sought to study biological organisms in a laboratory setting, leading to the generation of both in vitro and in vivo model systems. Patient-derived models of cancer (PDMCs) have more recently come to the forefront of preclinical cancer models and are even finding their way into clinical practice as part of functional precision medicine programs. The PDMC Consortium, supported by the Division of Cancer Biology in the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health, seeks to understand the biological principles that govern the various PDMC behaviors, particularly in response to perturbagens, such as cancer therapeutics. Based on collective experience from the consortium groups, we provide insight regarding PDMCs established both in vitro and in vivo, with a focus on practical matters related to developing and maintaining key cancer models through a series of vignettes. Although every model has the potential to offer valuable insights, the choice of the right model should be guided by the research question. However, recognizing the inherent constraints in each model is crucial. Our objective here is to delineate the strengths and limitations of each model as established by individual vignettes. Further advances in PDMCs and the development of novel model systems will enable us to better understand human biology and improve the study of human pathology in the lab.
一个多世纪以来，早期研究人员试图在实验室环境中研究生物有机体，从而产生了体外和体内模型系统。癌症患者来源模型（PDMCs）最近已成为临床前癌症模型的前沿领域，甚至作为功能精准医学项目的一部分进入临床实践。由美国国立卫生研究院国家癌症研究所癌症生物学司支持的PDMC联盟，旨在了解支配各种PDMC行为的生物学原理，特别是对诸如癌症治疗药物等干扰因素的反应。基于联盟小组的集体经验，我们通过一系列实例，深入探讨了体外和体内建立的PDMCs，重点关注与开发和维持关键癌症模型相关的实际问题。尽管每个模型都有可能提供有价值的见解，但正确模型的选择应以研究问题为导向。然而，认识到每个模型的内在局限性至关重要。我们在此的目标是通过各个实例来阐述每个模型的优势和局限性。PDMCs的进一步发展以及新型模型系统的开发将使我们能够更好地理解人类生物学，并改善实验室中对人类病理学的研究。
