Leps Anna Sophia, Klein Babette, Schneider Marianne, Meyer Cornelia, Šoba Alexandra, Simon Christine, Dyachenko Viktor, Siesenop Ute, Verspohl Jutta, Goericke-Pesch Sandra
Unit for Reproductive Medicine-Clinic for Small Animals, University for Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Bünteweg 15, 30559 Hannover, Germany.
Laboklin GmbH & Co. KG, 97688 Bad Kissingen, Germany.
Vet Sci. 2024 Jan 27;11(2):55. doi: 10.3390/vetsci11020055.
Microbiological examinations are frequently performed as part of breeding management examinations in the bitch, but also in case of (suspected) reproductive tract problems. As most bacteria are opportunistic pathogens, evaluation of bacterial findings is challenging for veterinarians. Besides, breeders might request antimicrobial treatment in breeding bitches, fearing conception failure-even without medical indication. Considering the rising threat of antimicrobial resistance, gaining deeper insights into the bacterial findings from the vagina of healthy and (suspected) reproductive-diseased bitches might contribute to the knowledge of the canine aerobic vaginal flora and consequently improve the responsible use of antibiotics. We analyzed results from bacteriological cultures of 23,254 vaginal swabs sent in to three commercial laboratories in Germany between 2015 and 2021, where standard aerobic microbiological examination was carried out. We found a variety of 319 bacterial species that mostly grew in mixed cultures of two or more bacterial species. Commonly found species were , beta-hemolytic Streptococci, coagulase-positive Staphylococci, Pasteurellales, and aerobic sporulators, as well as other spp. Our results showed a large diversity of the canine vaginal flora in healthy and (suspected) reproductive-diseased bitches. They largely support earlier findings of small studies on the physiological canine vaginal flora, emphasizing that solely the results of a bacterial evaluation should not be the base for antimicrobial treatment. Instead, bacterial findings should be evaluated with the results of a clinical gynecological examination.
微生物学检查经常作为母犬繁殖管理检查的一部分进行，在（疑似）生殖道问题的情况下也会进行。由于大多数细菌是机会性病原体，兽医对细菌检查结果的评估具有挑战性。此外，饲养者可能会要求对繁殖母犬进行抗菌治疗，担心受孕失败——即使没有医学指征。考虑到抗菌药物耐药性的威胁不断增加，深入了解健康和（疑似）患有生殖疾病的母犬阴道中的细菌检查结果，可能有助于了解犬类需氧阴道菌群，从而改善抗生素的合理使用。我们分析了2015年至2021年间送往德国三个商业实验室的23254份阴道拭子的细菌培养结果，这些拭子进行了标准的需氧微生物学检查。我们发现了319种细菌，其中大多数生长在两种或更多种细菌的混合培养物中。常见的菌种有β-溶血性链球菌、凝固酶阳性葡萄球菌、巴斯德菌目、需氧芽孢杆菌以及其他菌种。我们的结果显示，健康和（疑似）患有生殖疾病的母犬的阴道菌群具有很大的多样性。它们在很大程度上支持了早期关于犬类生理性阴道菌群的小型研究结果，强调仅细菌评估结果不应作为抗菌治疗的依据。相反,细菌检查结果应结合临床妇科检查结果进行评估。
