Ross Michael G, Kavasery Manasa P, Cervantes MacKenzie K, Han Guang, Horta Bernardo, Coca Kelly P, Costa Suleyma O, Desai Mina
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles at Harbor-UCLA, Torrance, CA 90502, USA.
The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1124 West Carson Street, RB3 Building, Torrance, CA 90502, USA.
Children (Basel). 2024 Jan 23;11(2):141. doi: 10.3390/children11020141.
The childhood obesity epidemic continues to be a challenge. Maternal obesity and excessive infant weight gain are strong predictors of childhood obesity, which itself is a major risk factor for adult obesity. The primary source of nutrition during early life is breast milk, and its composition is impacted by maternal habitus and diet. We thus studied the relationship between maternal BMI, serum lipids and insulin, and breast milk fat and calorie content from foremilk to hindmilk. Women who were exclusively breastfeeding at 7-8 weeks postpartum were BMI classified as Normal (18.5-24.9, = 9) and women with Overweight/Obese (OW/OB ≥ 25, = 13). Maternal blood and continuous breast milk samples obtained from foremilk to hindmilk were analyzed, and infant milk intake was assessed. Women with OW/OB had significantly higher milk fat and calorie content in the first foremilk and last hindmilk sample as compared to Normal BMI women. Amongst all women, maternal serum triglycerides, insulin, and HOMA were significantly correlated with foremilk triglyceride concentration, suggesting that maternal serum triglyceride and insulin action contribute to human milk fat content. As the milk fat content of OW/OB women has caloric implications for infant growth and childhood obesity, these results suggest the potential for modulating milk fat content by a reduction in maternal serum lipids or insulin.
儿童肥胖流行问题仍然是一项挑战。母亲肥胖和婴儿体重过度增加是儿童肥胖的有力预测因素，而儿童肥胖本身又是成人肥胖的主要风险因素。生命早期的主要营养来源是母乳，其成分受母亲体型和饮食的影响。因此，我们研究了母亲体重指数、血脂和胰岛素与从母乳前奶到后奶的脂肪和热量含量之间的关系。产后7 - 8周纯母乳喂养的女性，根据体重指数分为正常组（18.5 - 24.9，n = 9）和超重/肥胖组（OW/OB≥25，n = 13）。分析了从母乳前奶到后奶获取的母亲血液和连续母乳样本，并评估了婴儿的奶量摄入。与正常体重指数的女性相比，超重/肥胖组女性的第一份前奶和最后一份后奶样本中的乳脂肪和热量含量显著更高。在所有女性中，母亲血清甘油三酯、胰岛素和胰岛素抵抗指数与前奶甘油三酯浓度显著相关，这表明母亲血清甘油三酯和胰岛素作用对人乳脂肪含量有影响。由于超重/肥胖组女性的乳脂肪含量对婴儿生长和儿童肥胖有热量方面的影响，这些结果表明通过降低母亲血清脂质或胰岛素来调节乳脂肪含量具有可能性。
