Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa.
Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa.
Metabolomics. 2024 Feb 26;20(2):27. doi: 10.1007/s11306-024-02095-1.
The use of chemical fungicides to combat disease has made a substantial contribution to food quality and security. Nonetheless, their applications have been limited due to environmental and health concerns, unaffordability, and the fact that pathogens have acquired resistance to some of these fungicides. Alternative eco-friendly and safe control methods should be explored. The current study investigated the influence of citrus rind phenolic compounds against Phyllosticta citricarpa infection by metabolic profiling of two citrus cultivars with varying degrees of susceptibility to infection.
Chromatographic data obtained by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (UPLC) was subjected to multivariate data analysis to identify biomarkers associated with the tolerant cultivar. The identified biomarkers were tested in vitro against P. citricarpa.
Seville oranges, a tolerant cultivar, displayed higher levels of phenolic content and lower total sugar content, that are both associated with lower susceptibility to citrus black spot infection. The generated Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Orthogonal Projection to Latent Structures-Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA) models gave an overview of the data set and identified components that may be responsible for the differences in susceptibility between the two cultivars. Candidate biomarkers associated with tolerance were identified as naringin, neoeriocitrin, bruteiridin, melitidin, and lucenin-2.
Naringin, a major candidate biomarker was able to inhibit the growth of the pathogen at 10 000 ppm.
使用化学杀菌剂防治病害对提高食品质量和安全性做出了重大贡献。然而，由于对环境和健康的关注、负担能力以及病原体对一些杀菌剂产生了抗性，这些杀菌剂的应用受到了限制。应该探索其他环保和安全的控制方法。本研究通过对两个感染程度不同的柑橘品种进行代谢组学分析，研究了柑橘果皮酚类化合物对柑橘炭疽病菌（Phyllosticta citricarpa）感染的影响。
通过超高效液相色谱-质谱联用（UPLC）获得的色谱数据进行多变量数据分析，以鉴定与耐病品种相关的生物标志物。鉴定出的生物标志物在体外对 P. citricarpa 进行了测试。
甜橙（一种耐病品种）表现出较高的酚类含量和较低的总糖含量，这与柑橘黑斑病感染的易感性降低有关。生成的主成分分析（PCA）和正交偏最小二乘判别分析（OPLS-DA）模型概述了数据集，并确定了可能导致两个品种易感性差异的成分。与耐病性相关的候选生物标志物被鉴定为柚皮苷、新橙皮苷、布替里定、梅尔丁和卢塞宁-2。
柚皮苷是一种主要的候选生物标志物，能够在 10000ppm 时抑制病原菌的生长。
