Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2024 Feb 27;14(1):4818. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-53635-7.
Sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) is one of the medicinal plants of Anacardiaceae family and widely used as a spice in Iran and Arab countries. Rhus coriaria var. zebaria is a small tree or large shrub, wildly growing in Iraq and described as a new variety with special characteristics. These increase the importance of studying sumac in these areas. Here, the phytochemical variations and the antibacterial activity of 50 accessions of this variety from five different climatic conditions was evaluated in order to identify the best accession to use and the best area for its cultivation. This is the most comprehensive study on this plant. Essential oil compounds were identified using GC-MS method and according to the results, Z, E-2,13-octadecadien, caryophyllene oxide, 2,4-decadienal, E-caryophyllene and nonanoic acid were among the main compounds. Also, the variety is a rich source of minerals including K, Ca, Mg, Na, P, and N. Sumac fruit extract from Akre Xerds had the highest anthocyanin and the lowest amount was from Kavilca region. The radical scavenging effect of extract from Dostic area in the concentration of 400 µg/mL is closer to the effect of ascorbic acid. The largest inhibition was found in the sumac extracted oil of Xasto Zhere area against S. aureus in compared with penicillin and amoxicillin and enrofloxacin antibiotics.
漆树（Rhus coriaria L.）是漆树科的药用植物之一，在伊朗和阿拉伯国家广泛用作香料。Rhus coriaria var. zebaria 是一种小型树木或大型灌木，在伊拉克野生生长，并被描述为具有特殊特征的新品种。这些特征增加了在这些地区研究漆树的重要性。在这里，为了确定最佳的使用品种和最佳的种植区域，评估了来自五个不同气候条件的该品种的 50 个样本的植物化学变异和抗菌活性。这是对该植物的最全面研究。使用 GC-MS 方法鉴定了精油化合物，结果表明，Z、E-2、13-十八碳二烯、丁香烯氧化物、2、4-癸二烯醛、E-石竹烯和壬酸是主要化合物之一。此外，该品种是包括 K、Ca、Mg、Na、P 和 N 在内的多种矿物质的丰富来源。阿克雷·泽尔斯地区的漆树果实提取物含有最高的花青素，而卡维利卡地区的含量最低。在 400µg/mL 浓度下，来自多斯蒂克地区的提取物的自由基清除效果更接近抗坏血酸的效果。与青霉素、阿莫西林和恩诺沙星抗生素相比，在 Xasto Zhere 地区提取的漆树油对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制作用最大。
