Department of Orthopaedic, The second hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
J Nanobiotechnology. 2024 Mar 12;22(1):108. doi: 10.1186/s12951-024-02380-0.
Neurotrauma, encompassing traumatic brain injuries (TBI) and spinal cord injuries (SCI) impacts a significant portion of the global population. While spontaneous recovery post-TBI or SCI is possible, recent advancements in cell-based therapies aim to bolster these natural reparative mechanisms. Emerging research indicates that the beneficial outcomes of such therapies might be largely mediated by exosomes secreted from the administered cells. While stem cells have garnered much attention, exosomes derived from non-stem cells, including neurons, Schwann cells, microglia, and vascular endothelial cells, have shown notable therapeutic potential. These exosomes contribute to angiogenesis, neurogenesis, and axon remodeling, and display anti-inflammatory properties, marking them as promising agents for neurorestorative treatments. This review provides an in-depth exploration of the current methodologies, challenges, and future directions regarding the therapeutic role of non-stem cell-derived exosomes in neurotrauma.
神经创伤包括创伤性脑损伤（TBI）和脊髓损伤（SCI），影响着全球相当一部分人口。虽然 TBI 或 SCI 后有自发恢复的可能，但最近细胞疗法的进展旨在增强这些自然修复机制。新兴研究表明，这些疗法的有益结果可能在很大程度上由所给予细胞分泌的外泌体介导。虽然干细胞受到了广泛关注，但源自非干细胞的外泌体，包括神经元、施万细胞、小胶质细胞和血管内皮细胞，已显示出显著的治疗潜力。这些外泌体有助于血管生成、神经发生和轴突重塑，并表现出抗炎特性，使它们成为神经修复治疗的有前途的药物。本综述深入探讨了非干细胞来源的外泌体在神经创伤中的治疗作用的当前方法、挑战和未来方向。
