Zhu Ruihan, Zou Deze, Wang Keji, Cao Chunmei
Department of Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China.
CNPC Managers Training Institute, Beijing 100096, China.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2024 Feb 22;14(3):163. doi: 10.3390/bs14030163.
Volleyball spiking requires defenders to possess exceptional anticipatory skills. However, most volleyball defense video eye-tracking studies have used fixed or off-court perspectives, failing to replicate real-world environments. This study explored different visual search behaviors between elite and novice volleyball players from various viewing perspectives using video eye tracking. We examined spiking anticipation in 14 competitive elite, 13 semi-elite, and 11 novice players. We captured spiking videos from three on-court perspectives using GoPro cameras mounted on the defenders' heads, closely replicating real game scenarios. For comparison, we recorded baseline videos using a fixed camera. The present study revealed that competitive and semi-elite players demonstrated higher accuracy than novices. Competitive elite players used fewer fixations, indicating that their superior performance was related to stable visual search patterns. All participant groups, regardless of skill level, showed similar visual allocation among areas of interest (AOIs). However, notable differences in visual search patterns and AOI allocation were observed between baseline and on-court perspective videos. From the baseline perspective, the participants primarily utilized global perception and peripheral vision, focusing more on the setter zone or the spiker's trunk. Conversely, from the on-court perspective, they employed more fixations, focusing more intensely on the spiker's detailed movements.
排球扣球需要防守球员具备出色的预判能力。然而，大多数排球防守视频眼动追踪研究采用的是固定视角或场外视角，未能复制真实的比赛环境。本研究使用视频眼动追踪技术，从不同的观看视角探索了精英排球运动员和新手排球运动员之间不同的视觉搜索行为。我们对14名竞技精英球员、13名半精英球员和11名新手球员的扣球预判情况进行了研究。我们使用安装在防守球员头上的GoPro相机从三个场内视角捕捉扣球视频，紧密复制真实的比赛场景。为了进行比较，我们使用固定相机录制了基线视频。本研究表明，竞技球员和半精英球员的预判准确率高于新手。竞技精英球员的注视次数较少，这表明他们的出色表现与稳定的视觉搜索模式有关。所有参与组，无论技能水平如何，在感兴趣区域（AOI）的视觉分配上都表现出相似性。然而，在基线视频和场内视角视频之间，观察到了视觉搜索模式和AOI分配的显著差异。从基线视角来看，参与者主要利用整体感知和周边视觉，更多地关注二传手区域或扣球手的躯干。相反，从场内视角来看，他们有更多的注视次数，更专注于扣球手的详细动作。
