The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
Microb Biotechnol. 2019 Jan;12(1):98-124. doi: 10.1111/1751-7915.13292. Epub 2018 Jun 21.
The last few years have witnessed an unprecedented increase in the number of novel bacterial species that hold potential to be used for metabolic engineering. Historically, however, only a handful of bacteria have attained the acceptance and widespread use that are needed to fulfil the needs of industrial bioproduction - and only for the synthesis of very few, structurally simple compounds. One of the reasons for this unfortunate circumstance has been the dearth of tools for targeted genome engineering of bacterial chassis, and, nowadays, synthetic biology is significantly helping to bridge such knowledge gap. Against this background, in this review, we discuss the state of the art in the rational design and construction of robust bacterial chassis for metabolic engineering, presenting key examples of bacterial species that have secured a place in industrial bioproduction. The emergence of novel bacterial chassis is also considered at the light of the unique properties of their physiology and metabolism, and the practical applications in which they are expected to outperform other microbial platforms. Emerging opportunities, essential strategies to enable successful development of industrial phenotypes, and major challenges in the field of bacterial chassis development are also discussed, outlining the solutions that contemporary synthetic biology-guided metabolic engineering offers to tackle these issues.
过去几年见证了新型细菌物种数量的空前增长，这些细菌具有被用于代谢工程的潜力。然而，从历史上看，只有少数几种细菌获得了被广泛接受和使用的地位，从而满足了工业生物生产的需求——而且只用于合成极少数结构简单的化合物。造成这种不幸情况的原因之一是缺乏针对细菌底盘的靶向基因组工程工具，而如今，合成生物学在很大程度上有助于弥合这一知识差距。在此背景下，在这篇综述中，我们讨论了理性设计和构建用于代谢工程的稳健细菌底盘的最新技术，介绍了在工业生物生产中获得一席之地的关键细菌物种的实例。还根据其生理学和代谢的独特特性以及预计在其中表现优于其他微生物平台的实际应用来考虑新型细菌底盘的出现。还讨论了新兴机会、使工业表型成功开发所必需的策略以及细菌底盘开发领域的主要挑战，概述了当代合成生物学指导的代谢工程为解决这些问题提供的解决方案。
