Wong Ten It, Ng Candy, Lin Shengxuan, Chen Zhong, Zhou Xiaodong
Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 2 Fusionopolis Way, #08-03, Innovis, Singapore 138634, Singapore.
School of Materials Science & Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Block N4.1, Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
Sensors (Basel). 2024 Apr 29;24(9):2844. doi: 10.3390/s24092844.
Electrochemical (EC) detection is a powerful tool supporting simple, low-cost, and rapid analysis. Although screen printing is commonly used to mass fabricate disposable EC chips, its mask is relatively expensive. In this research, we demonstrated a method for fabricating three-electrode EC chips using 3D printing of relatively high-viscosity paste. The electrodes consisted of two layers, with carbon paste printed over silver/silver chloride paste, and the printed EC chips were baked at 70 °C for 1 h. Engineering challenges such as bulging of the tubing, clogging of the nozzle, dripping, and local accumulation of paste were solved by material selection for the tube and nozzle, and process optimization in 3D printing. The EC chips demonstrated good reversibility in redox reactions through cyclic voltammetry tests, and reliably detected heavy metal ions Pb(II) and Cd(II) in solutions using differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry measurements. The results indicate that by optimizing the 3D printing of paste, EC chips can be obtained by maskless and flexible 3D printing techniques in lieu of screen printing.
电化学（EC）检测是一种支持简单、低成本且快速分析的强大工具。尽管丝网印刷通常用于大规模制造一次性EC芯片，但其掩膜相对昂贵。在本研究中，我们展示了一种使用3D打印相对高粘度浆料来制造三电极EC芯片的方法。电极由两层组成，碳浆料印刷在银/氯化银浆料之上，并且印刷好的EC芯片在70°C下烘烤1小时。通过对管材和喷嘴进行材料选择以及在3D打印中进行工艺优化，解决了诸如管材鼓起、喷嘴堵塞、滴漏和浆料局部堆积等工程难题。通过循环伏安法测试，EC芯片在氧化还原反应中表现出良好的可逆性，并且使用差分脉冲阳极溶出伏安法测量可靠地检测了溶液中的重金属离子Pb(II)和Cd(II)。结果表明，通过优化浆料的3D打印，可以通过无掩膜且灵活的3D打印技术替代丝网印刷来获得EC芯片。
