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全基因组进化分析表明 TKL_CTR1-DRK-2 基因家族与功能特征，揭示 TaCTR1 正向调控小麦开花时间。

Genome-wide evolutionary analysis of TKL_CTR1-DRK-2 gene family and functional characterization reveals that TaCTR1 positively regulates flowering time in wheat.

机构信息

College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, P.R. China.

Key Laboratory of Huang-Huai-Hai Smart Agricultural Technology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, P.R. China.

出版信息

BMC Genomics. 2024 May 14;25(1):474. doi: 10.1186/s12864-024-10383-2.

DOI:10.1186/s12864-024-10383-2
PMID:38745148
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11092142/
Abstract

BACKGROUND

Flowering time has an important effect on regional adaptation and yields for crops. The tyrosine kinase-like (TKL) gene family is widely existed and participates in many biological processes in plants. Furthermore, only few TKLs have been characterized functions in controlling flowering time in wheat.

RESULTS

Here, we report that TaCTR1, a tyrosine kinase-like (TKL) gene, regulates flowering time in wheat. Based on identification and evolutionary analysis of TKL_CTR1-DRK-2 subfamily in 15 plants, we proposed an evolutionary model for TaCTR1, suggesting that occurrence of some exon fusion events during evolution. The overexpression of TaCTR1 caused early flowering time in transgenic lines. Transcriptomics analysis enabled identification of mass differential expression genes including plant hormone (ET, ABA, IAA, BR) signaling, flavonoid biosynthesis, phenolamides and antioxidant, and flowering-related genes in TaCTR1 overexpression transgenic lines compared with WT plants. qRT-PCR results showed that the expression levels of ethylene (ET) signal-related genes (ETR, EIN, ERF) and flowering-related genes (FT, PPD1, CO, PRR, PHY) were altered in TaCTR1-overexpressing wheat compared with WT plants. Metabonomics analysis showed that flavonoid contents were altered.

CONCLUSIONS

Thus, the results show that TaCTR1 plays a positive role in controlling flowering time by activating various signaling pathways and regulating flowering-related genes, and will provide new insights on the mechanisms of wheat flowering regulation.

摘要

背景

开花时间对作物的区域适应性和产量有重要影响。类酪氨酸激酶（TKL）基因家族广泛存在，参与植物的许多生物学过程。此外，只有少数 TKL 基因的功能被证实与控制小麦开花时间有关。

结果

我们报告了一个类酪氨酸激酶（TKL）基因 TaCTR1 调控小麦的开花时间。基于对 15 种植物 TKL_CTR1-DRK-2 亚家族的鉴定和进化分析，我们提出了 TaCTR1 的进化模型，表明在进化过程中发生了一些外显子融合事件。过表达 TaCTR1 导致转基因株系提前开花。转录组分析鉴定了大量差异表达基因，包括植物激素（ET、ABA、IAA、BR）信号、类黄酮生物合成、酚酰胺和抗氧化剂以及与开花相关的基因，这些基因在 TaCTR1 过表达转基因株系中与 WT 植物相比存在差异表达。qRT-PCR 结果表明，与 WT 植物相比，过表达 TaCTR1 的小麦中乙烯（ET）信号相关基因（ETR、EIN、ERF）和开花相关基因（FT、PPD1、CO、PRR、PHY）的表达水平发生了改变。代谢组学分析表明类黄酮含量发生了改变。

结论

因此，这些结果表明 TaCTR1 通过激活各种信号通路和调控开花相关基因来正向调控开花时间，为小麦开花调控机制提供了新的见解。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9b60/11092142/fe8f339df187/12864_2024_10383_Fig11_HTML.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9b60/11092142/66cf61b51f1c/12864_2024_10383_Fig5_HTML.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9b60/11092142/fe8f339df187/12864_2024_10383_Fig11_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9b60/11092142/c3d9caf9e71b/12864_2024_10383_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9b60/11092142/37ca2e0676ef/12864_2024_10383_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9b60/11092142/dd25afb46146/12864_2024_10383_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9b60/11092142/8fc7e9d6e9c1/12864_2024_10383_Fig4_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9b60/11092142/66cf61b51f1c/12864_2024_10383_Fig5_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9b60/11092142/4f4625dc9d2c/12864_2024_10383_Fig6_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9b60/11092142/71ab30296cda/12864_2024_10383_Fig7_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9b60/11092142/e4d99a554663/12864_2024_10383_Fig8_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9b60/11092142/f16bf497232e/12864_2024_10383_Fig9_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9b60/11092142/ae6a30c87c6b/12864_2024_10383_Fig10_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9b60/11092142/fe8f339df187/12864_2024_10383_Fig11_HTML.jpg

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