Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.
Front Immunol. 2024 May 30;15:1409414. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1409414. eCollection 2024.
The gut microbiome (GMB) plays a substantial role in human health and disease. From affecting gut barrier integrity to promoting immune cell differentiation, the GMB is capable of shaping host immunity and thus oncogenesis and anti-cancer therapeutic response, particularly with immunotherapy. Dietary patterns and components are key determinants of GMB composition, supporting the investigation of the diet-microbiome-immunity axis as a potential avenue to enhance immunotherapy response in cancer patients. As such, this review will discuss the role of the GMB and diet on anti-cancer immunity. We demonstrate that diet affects anti-cancer immunity through both GMB-independent and GMB-mediated mechanisms, and that different diet patterns mold the GMB's functional and taxonomic composition in distinctive ways. Dietary modulation therefore shows promise as an intervention for improving cancer outcome; however, further and more extensive research in human cancer populations is needed.
肠道微生物组（GMB）在人类健康和疾病中起着重要作用。从影响肠道屏障完整性到促进免疫细胞分化，GMB 能够塑造宿主的免疫功能，从而影响肿瘤的发生和抗癌治疗的反应，尤其是免疫治疗。饮食模式和成分是 GMB 组成的关键决定因素，支持将饮食-微生物组-免疫轴作为提高癌症患者免疫治疗反应的潜在途径进行研究。因此，本综述将讨论 GMB 和饮食对抗癌免疫的作用。我们证明，饮食通过 GMB 独立和 GMB 介导的机制影响抗癌免疫，不同的饮食模式以不同的方式塑造 GMB 的功能和分类组成。因此，饮食调节有望成为改善癌症预后的干预措施；然而，还需要在人类癌症人群中进行更多和更广泛的研究。
