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动物的肠道微生物组能告诉我们什么关于营养与生活方式疾病负担之间的关系?

What Can the Gut Microbiota of Animals Teach Us about the Relationship between Nutrition and Burden of Lifestyle Diseases?

机构信息

Graduate Program in Medical Sciences and Graduate Program in Nutrition Sciences, Federal Fluminense University (UFF), Niterói 24020-141, Brazil.

Graduate Program in Biological Sciences-Physiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil.

出版信息

Nutrients. 2024 Jun 6;16(11):1789. doi: 10.3390/nu16111789.

Abstract

The gut microbiota performs several crucial roles in a holobiont with its host, including immune regulation, nutrient absorption, synthesis, and defense against external pathogens, significantly influencing host physiology. Disruption of the gut microbiota has been linked to various chronic conditions, including cardiovascular, kidney, liver, respiratory, and intestinal diseases. Studying how animals adapt their gut microbiota across their life course at different life stages and under the dynamics of extreme environmental conditions can provide valuable insights from the natural world into how the microbiota modulates host biology, with a view to translating these into treatments or preventative measures for human diseases. By modulating the gut microbiota, opportunities to address many complications associated with chronic diseases appear. Such a biomimetic approach holds promise for exploring new strategies in healthcare and disease management.

摘要

肠道微生物组与其宿主的整体共生体中发挥着几个关键作用,包括免疫调节、营养吸收、合成以及抵御外部病原体,对宿主生理有重要影响。肠道微生物组的破坏与各种慢性疾病有关,包括心血管、肾脏、肝脏、呼吸和肠道疾病。研究动物在不同生命阶段和极端环境条件下的生命过程中如何适应肠道微生物组,可以从自然界中获得有价值的见解,了解微生物组如何调节宿主生物学,以期将这些见解转化为治疗或预防人类疾病的措施。通过调节肠道微生物组,可以为解决与慢性疾病相关的许多并发症提供机会。这种仿生方法有望为探索医疗保健和疾病管理的新策略提供契机。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/04d9/11174762/febea175ede1/nutrients-16-01789-g001.jpg

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